imtoken钱包下载包|hexa

作者: imtoken钱包下载包
2024-03-13 06:04:43

What is Hexadecimal Numbers System? Table, Conversions, Examples

What is Hexadecimal Numbers System? Table, Conversions, Examples

Login Study MaterialsNCERT SolutionsNCERT Solutions For Class 12 NCERT Solutions For Class 12 PhysicsNCERT Solutions For Class 12 ChemistryNCERT Solutions For Class 12 BiologyNCERT Solutions For Class 12 MathsNCERT Solutions Class 12 AccountancyNCERT Solutions Class 12 Business StudiesNCERT Solutions Class 12 EconomicsNCERT Solutions Class 12 Accountancy Part 1NCERT Solutions Class 12 Accountancy Part 2NCERT Solutions Class 12 Micro-EconomicsNCERT Solutions Class 12 CommerceNCERT Solutions Class 12 Macro-EconomicsNCERT Solutions For Class 11 NCERT Solutions For Class 11 PhysicsNCERT Solutions For Class 11 ChemistryNCERT Solutions For Class 11 BiologyNCERT Solutions For Class 11 MathsNCERT Solutions Class 11 AccountancyNCERT Solutions Class 11 Business StudiesNCERT Solutions Class 11 EconomicsNCERT Solutions Class 11 StatisticsNCERT Solutions Class 11 CommerceNCERT Solutions For Class 10 NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Social ScienceNCERT Solutions for Class 10 Maths NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Maths Chapter 1NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Maths Chapter 2NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Maths Chapter 3NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Maths Chapter 4NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Maths Chapter 5NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Maths Chapter 6NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Maths Chapter 7NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Maths Chapter 8NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Maths Chapter 9NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Maths Chapter 10NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Maths Chapter 11NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Maths Chapter 12NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Maths Chapter 13NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Maths Chapter 14NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Maths Chapter 15MoreNCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 1NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 2NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 3NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 4NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 5NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 6NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 7NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 8NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 9NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 10NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 11NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 12NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 13NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 14NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 15NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 16MoreNCERT Solutions For Class 9 NCERT Solutions For Class 9 Social ScienceNCERT Solutions For Class 9 Maths NCERT Solutions For Class 9 Maths Chapter 1NCERT Solutions For Class 9 Maths Chapter 2NCERT Solutions For Class 9 Maths Chapter 3NCERT Solutions For Class 9 Maths Chapter 4NCERT Solutions For Class 9 Maths Chapter 5NCERT Solutions For Class 9 Maths Chapter 6NCERT Solutions For Class 9 Maths Chapter 7NCERT Solutions For Class 9 Maths Chapter 8NCERT Solutions For Class 9 Maths Chapter 9NCERT Solutions For Class 9 Maths Chapter 10NCERT Solutions For Class 9 Maths Chapter 11NCERT Solutions For Class 9 Maths Chapter 12NCERT Solutions For Class 9 Maths Chapter 13NCERT Solutions For Class 9 Maths Chapter 14NCERT Solutions For Class 9 Maths Chapter 15MoreNCERT Solutions For Class 9 Science NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Science Chapter 1NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Science Chapter 2NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Science Chapter 3NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Science Chapter 4NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Science Chapter 5NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Science Chapter 6NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Science Chapter 7NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Science Chapter 8NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Science Chapter 9NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Science Chapter 10NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Science Chapter 11NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Science Chapter 12NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Science Chapter 13NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Science Chapter 14NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Science Chapter 15MoreNCERT Solutions For Class 8 NCERT Solutions For Class 8 MathsNCERT Solutions For Class 8 ScienceNCERT Solutions for Class 8 Social ScienceNCERT Solutions for Class 8 EnglishNCERT Solutions For Class 7 NCERT Solutions For Class 7 MathsNCERT Solutions For Class 7 ScienceNCERT Solutions for Class 7 Social ScienceNCERT Solutions for Class 7 EnglishNCERT Solutions For Class 6 NCERT Solutions For Class 6 MathsNCERT Solutions For Class 6 ScienceNCERT Solutions For Class 6 Social ScienceNCERT Solutions for Class 6 EnglishNCERT Solutions For Class 5 NCERT Solutions For Class 5 MathsNCERT Solutions For Class 5 EVSNCERT Solutions For Class 4 NCERT Solutions For Class 4 MathsNCERT Solutions For Class 4 EVSNCERT Solutions For Class 3 NCERT Solutions For Class 3 MathsNCERT Solutions For Class 3 EVSNCERT Solutions For Class 3 EnglishNCERT Solutions For Class 2 NCERT Solutions For Class 2 MathsNCERT Solutions For Class 2 EnglishNCERT Solutions For Class 1 NCERT Solutions For Class 1 MathsNCERT Solutions For Class 1 EnglishNCERTNCERT SyllabusClassesClass 1 - 3Class 4 - 5Class 6 - 10CBSENCERT Books NCERT Books for Class 5NCERT Books Class 6NCERT Books for Class 7NCERT Books for Class 8NCERT Books for Class 9NCERT Books for Class 10NCERT Books for Class 11NCERT Books for Class 12NCERT Exemplar NCERT Exemplar Class 8NCERT Exemplar Class 9NCERT Exemplar Class 10NCERT Exemplar Class 11NCERT Exemplar Class 12RD Sharma RD Sharma Class 6 SolutionsRD Sharma Class 7 SolutionsRD Sharma Class 8 SolutionsRD Sharma Class 9 SolutionsRD Sharma Class 10 SolutionsRD Sharma Class 11 SolutionsRD Sharma Class 12 SolutionsPHYSICS MechanicsOpticsThermodynamicsElectromagnetismFamous PhysicistsUnit ConversionKirchhoff's LawsFaraday's LawLaws of MotionRefraction of LightMaxwell's EquationElectrostaticsBernoulli's PrincipleProjectile MotionElectric ChargePhysics SymbolsMoreCHEMISTRY Periodic TableStereochemistryOrganic CompoundsInorganic ChemistryQuantum NumbersAtomic Mass of ElementsPeriodic Properties of Elements118 Elements and Their SymbolsBalancing Chemical EquationsSalt AnalysisAcids, Bases, and SaltsBenzeneOrganometallic CompoundsAtomic Number and Mass NumberMoreMATHS Pythagoras TheoremPrime NumbersProbability and StatisticsFractionsSetsTrigonometric FunctionsRelations and FunctionsSequence and SeriesMultiplication TablesDeterminants and MatricesProfit And LossPolynomial EquationsDividing FractionsSocial Science Manufacturing IndustriesSahara DesertAmazon RiverIndian TribesMughal DynastyMonuments of India ListJudiciaryAutocratic MeaningFundamental Rights of IndiaUnion Territories of IndiaCapitals of Seven Sisters of IndiaMost Populated States In IndiaBIOLOGY MicrobiologyEcologyZoologyPhotosynthesisFORMULAS Maths FormulasAlgebra FormulasTrigonometry FormulasGeometry FormulasCBSE Sample Papers CBSE Sample Papers for Class 6CBSE Sample Papers for Class 7CBSE Sample Papers for Class 8CBSE Sample Papers for Class 9CBSE Sample Papers for Class 10CBSE Sample Papers for Class 11CBSE Sample Papers for Class 12CBSE Previous Year Question Paper CBSE Previous Year Question Papers Class 10CBSE Previous Year Question Papers Class 12Lakhmir Singh Solutions Lakhmir Singh Class 9 SolutionsLakhmir Singh Class 10 SolutionsLakhmir Singh Class 8 SolutionsCBSE Notes Class 6 CBSE NotesClass 7 CBSE NotesClass 8 CBSE NotesClass 9 CBSE NotesClass 10 CBSE NotesClass 11 CBSE NotesClass 12 CBSE NotesCBSE Revision Notes CBSE Class 9 Revision NotesCBSE Class 10 Revision NotesCBSE Class 11 Revision NotesCBSE Class 12 Revision NotesCBSE Extra Questions CBSE Class 8 Maths Extra QuestionsCBSE Class 8 Science Extra QuestionsCBSE Class 9 Maths Extra QuestionsCBSE Class 9 Science Extra QuestionsCBSE Class 10 Maths Extra QuestionsCBSE Class 10 Science Extra QuestionsCBSE Class Class 3Class 4Class 5Class 6Class 7Class 8Class 9Class 10Class 11Class 12Textbook SolutionsCalculatorsBasic Calculators Percentage CalculatorLoan CalculatorEmi CalculatorFraction CalculatorAlgebra CalculatorFactoring CalculatorDistance CalculatorPercentage Increase CalculatorSquare Footage CalculatorSquare Root CalculatorPercentage Change CalculatorRatio CalculatorTriangle CalculatorFractions CalculatorArea CalculatorPercentage Difference CalculatorPercentage Off CalculatorScientific Notation CalculatorSimple Interest CalculatorEquation CalculatorLcm CalculatorRounding CalculatorLong Division CalculatorMixed Fraction CalculatorMoreMaths Calculators Compound Interest CalculatorIntegral CalculatorDerivative CalculatorGraphing CalculatorStandard Deviation CalculatorLimit CalculatorBinary CalculatorMatrix CalculatorCp CalculatorDiscount CalculatorAntiderivative CalculatorExponents CalculatorProbability CalculatorSample Size CalculatorSlope CalculatorArea Of A Circle CalculatorCircumference CalculatorCombination CalculatorInverse Matrix CalculatorMod CalculatorPythagorean Theorem CalculatorConfidence Interval CalculatorDouble Integral CalculatorMatrix Multiplication CalculatorInverse Function CalculatorVolume CalculatorVolume Of A Cylinder CalculatorZ Score CalculatorVariance CalculatorMorePhysics Calculators Power CalculatorVoltage Drop CalculatorChemistry Calculators Molarity CalculatorCommerceClass 11 Commerce Syllabus Class 11 Accountancy SyllabusClass 11 Business Studies SyllabusClass 11 Economics SyllabusClass 12 Commerce Syllabus Class 12 Accountancy SyllabusClass 12 Business Studies SyllabusClass 12 Economics SyllabusCommerce Sample Papers Class 11 Commerce Sample PapersClass 12 Commerce Sample PapersTS Grewal Solutions TS Grewal Solutions Class 12 AccountancyTS Grewal Solutions Class 11 AccountancyStatement Of Cash FlowsWhat Is EntrepreneurshipConsumer ProtectionWhat Is A Fixed AssetWhat Is A Balance SheetWhat Is Fiscal DeficitWhat Are Equity SharesDifference Between Selling And MarketingICSEICSE Sample PapersICSE Question PapersML Aggarwal Solutions ML Aggarwal Solutions Class 10 MathsML Aggarwal Solutions Class 9 MathsML Aggarwal Solutions Class 8 MathsML Aggarwal Solutions Class 7 MathsML Aggarwal Solutions Class 6 MathsSelina Solutions Selina Solution for Class 8Selina Solutions for Class 10Selina Solution for Class 9Frank Solutions Frank Solutions for Class 10 MathsFrank Solutions for Class 9 MathsICSE Class ICSE Class 6ICSE Class 7ICSE Class 8ICSE Class 9ICSE Class 10ISC Class 11ISC Class 12IASIAS ExamUPSC ExamCivil Service ExamUPSC SyllabusIAS TopperFree IAS PrepUPSC Results UPSC Prelims ResultUPSC Mains ResultCurrent Affairs List of Current Affairs ArticlesList Of IAS ArticlesPublic Service Commission KPSC KAS ExamUPPSC PCS ExamMPSC ExamRPSC RAS ExamTNPSC Group 1APPSC Group 1BPSC ExamWBPSC ExamMPPSC ExamJPSC ExamGPSC ExamUPSC Question Papers UPSC Prelims 2022 Question PaperUPSC Prelims 2022 Answer KeyIAS Coaching IAS Coaching BangaloreIAS Coaching DelhiIAS Coaching ChennaiIAS Coaching HyderabadIAS Coaching MumbaiBest IAS coaching ChennaiBest IAS coaching BangaloreBest IAS coaching DelhiIAS QuestionsJEEJEE 2024NMTC 2023 Question PapersNMTC 2023 Sub Junior DivisionNMTC 2023 Primary DivisionNMTC 2023 Junior DivisionJEE 2023JEE Test SeriesJEE Advanced 2023JEE Advanced 2023 Question PaperJEE Advanced 2023 Paper AnalysisJEE Advanced 2022 Question PaperJEE Advanced Question PapersJEE Advanced Answer KeysJEE Advanced ResultsJEE Advanced Marks vs RankJEE Advanced Rank PredictorJEE Advanced Paper AnalysisJEE Main 2024JEE Main 2024 Mock TestJEE Main 2023 Question PapersJEE Main Toppers List 2023JEE Main 2023 Paper AnalysisJEE Main 2022 Question PapersJEE Main 2022 Paper AnalysisJEE Main Rank PredictorJEE Main ResultsJEE Sample PaperJEE Question PaperJEE Main Answer KeyBinomial TheoremJEE ArticlesQuadratic EquationJEE QuestionsNEETNEET 2024NEET 2023NEET Registration 2023NEET Admit CardNEET Test SeriesNEET 2023 Question PaperNEET 2023 Answer KeyNEET 2023 Question Paper AnalysisNEET 2022 Question PaperNEET 2022 Answer KeyNEET 2022 Question paper analysisNEET 2022 ResultsNEET Eligibility CriteriaNEET Question PapersNEET Sample PapersNEET PreparationNEET SyllabusNEET QuestionsGATE 2024GATEGATE Previous Year Question PapersGATE Syllabus GATE Syllabus For CSEGATE Syllabus For ECEGATE Syllabus For Civil EngineeringGATE Syllabus For Mechanical EngineeringGATE Aptitude SyllabusGATE Study Material GATE Notes For CSEGATE Difference Between ArticlesGATE FAQsOlympiad ExamsMaths OlympiadScience OlympiadEntrance Exams In IndiaCOMED-K COMED-K SyllabusCOMED-K Previous Year Question PapersCOMED-K Sample PapersKCET KCET SyllabusKCET Question PapersWBJEE WBJEE SyllabusWBJEE Question PapersGUJCET GUJCET SyllabusGUJCET Question PapersKVPY KVPY SyllabusMHT-CET MHT-CET SyllabusNSTSE NSTSE SyllabusNTSE NTSE SyllabusNTSE Question PaperBCECE BCECE SyllabusUPSEE UPSEE SyllabusGCETHPCETKEAMState BoardsGSEB GSEB SyllabusGSEB Question PaperGSEB Sample PaperGSEB BooksMSBSHSE MSBSHSE SyllabusMSBSHSE TextbooksMSBSHSE Sample PapersMSBSHSE Question PapersAP Board APSCERT BooksAP SSC SyllabusAP 1st Year SyllabusAP 2nd Year SyllabusMP Board MP Board SyllabusMP Board Sample PapersMP Board TextbooksAssam Board Assam Board SyllabusAssam Board TextbooksAssam Board Sample PapersBSEB Bihar Board SyllabusBihar Board TextbooksBihar Board Question PapersBihar Board Model PapersBSE Odisha Odisha Board SyllabusOdisha Board Sample PapersPSEB PSEB SyllabusPSEB TextbooksPSEB Question PapersRBSE Rajasthan Board SyllabusRBSE TextbooksRBSE Question PapersHPBOSE HPBOSE SyllabusHPBOSE TextbooksHPBOSE Question PapersJKBOSE JKBOSE SyllabusJKBOSE Sample PapersJKBOSE Exam PatternTN Board TN Board SyllabusTN Board Question PapersTN Board Sample PapersSamacheer Kalvi BooksJAC JAC SyllabusJAC TextbooksJAC Question PapersTelangana Board Telangana Board SyllabusTelangana Board TextbooksTelangana Board Question PapersKSEEB KSEEB SyllabusKSEEB Model Question PapersKBPE KBPE SyllabusKBPE TextbooksKBPE Question PapersUPMSP UP Board SyllabusUP Board BooksUP Board Question PapersWest Bengal Board West Bengal Board SyllabusWest Bengal Board TextBooksWest Bengal Board Question PapersUBSETBSEGoa BoardNBSECGBSEMBSEMeghalaya BoardManipur BoardHaryana BoardNIOSNIOS A Level Syllabus A Level EVS SyllabusA Level Basic Computer Skill SyllabusA Level Maths SyllabusNIOS B Level Syllabus B Level EVS SyllabusB Level Computer Skill SyllabusB Level Maths SyllabusNIOS C Level Syllabus C Level Social Science SyllabusC Level Science SyllabusC Level Maths SyllabusC Level Basic Computer Skills SyllabusC Level English Language SyllabusNIOS Secondary Course Secondary Course Group B SyllabusSecondary Course Group A SyllabusNIOS Senior Secondary Course Senior Secondary Group F SyllabusSenior Secondary Group E SyllabusSenior Secondary Group D SyllabusSenior Secondary Group C SyllabusSenior Secondary Group B SyllabusSenior Secondary Group A SyllabusGovernment ExamsBank Exams SBI ExamsIBPS ExamsRBI ExamsIBPS RRB ExamSSC Exams SSC JESSC GDSSC CPOSSC CHSLSSC CGLRRB Exams RRB JERRB NTPCRRB ALPInsurance Exams LIC ExamsLIC HFLLIC ADOUPSC CAPFList of Government Exams ArticlesKids LearningClass 1Class 2Class 3English LanguageLetter WritingSpeech Topics For KidsSlogans for KidsEnglish Grammar Parts of SpeechEnglish Grammar ExercisesAcademic QuestionsPhysics QuestionsChemistry QuestionsBiology QuestionsMaths QuestionsScience QuestionsGK QuestionsCommerce QuestionsEnglish QuestionsOnline TuitionHome TuitionFull FormsGeneral Full Forms Physics Full FormsChemistry Full FormsBiology Full FormsEducational Full FormsBanking Full FormsTechnology Full FormsCATCAT 2023CAT SyllabusCAT Exam PatternCAT ExamCAT Percentile PredictorFree CAT PrepByju's App Review on CATEducation NewsSupportComplaint ResolutionCustomer CareBYJU'S Answer ScholarshipBST Class 4-10BNAT Class 11-12BNST | IASMock Test | JEE MainMock Test | JEE AdvancedMock Test | NEETBTCBYJU'S Tuition CentreTuition in North ZoneTuition in Madhya Pradesh Tuition in IndoreTuition in RewaTuition in UjjainTuition in BhopalTuition in JabalpurTuition in GwaliorTuition in SagarTuition in Chhattisgarh Tuition in RaipurTuition in BilaspurTuition in BhilaiTuition in DurgTuition in DelhiTuition in Haryana Tuition in GurgaonTuition in FaridabadTuition in KarnalTuition in SonipatTuition in AmbalaTuition in HisarTuition in PanipatTuition in JagadhriTuition in SirsaTuition in PanchkulaTuition in Himachal Pradesh Tuition in ShimlaTuition in Punjab Tuition in chandigarhTuition in LudhianaTuition in JalandharTuition in AmritsarTuition in BathindaTuition in MohaliTuition in KhararTuition in Rajasthan Tuition in JaipurTuition in AjmerTuition in JodhpurTuition in BikanerTuition in UdaipurTuition in AlwarTuition in Sri GanganagarTuition in BharatpurTuition in SikarTuition in BhilwaraTuition in Uttar Pradesh Tuition in KanpurTuition in LucknowTuition in NoidaTuition in GhaziabadTuition in AligarhTuition in AgraTuition in MeerutTuition in MathuraTuition in FaizabadTuition in SaharanpurTuition in BareillyTuition in Gautam Buddha NagarTuition in RampurTuition in JhansiTuition in AllahabadMoreTuition in Uttarakhand Tuition in RudrapurTuition in HaridwarTuition in DehradunTuition in RoorkeeTuition in West ZoneTuition in Gujarat Tuition in AhmedabadTuition in SuratTuition in AnandTuition in VadodaraTuition in VapiTuition in BhavnagarTuition in RajkotTuition in JamnagarTuition in Maharashtra Tuition in MumbaiTuition in Navi MumbaiTuition in ThaneTuition in PuneTuition in NashikTuition in NagpurTuition in SolapurTuition in LaturTuition in AhmednagarTuition in AurangabadTuition in AmravatiTuition in NandedTuition in AkolaTuition in DhuleMoreTuition in East ZoneTuition in Bihar Tuition in PatnaTuition in MuzaffarpurTuition in DarbhangaTuition in GayaTuition in BhagalpurTuition in PurniaTuition in Jharkhand Tuition in JamshedpurTuition in BokaroTuition in RanchiTuition in DhanbadTuition in Odisha Tuition in BhubaneswarTuition in CuttackTuition in West Bengal Tuition in KolkataTuition in KharagpurTuition in BardhamanTuition in SiliguriTuition in AsansolTuition in Assam Tuition in DibrugarhTuition in South ZoneTuition in Andhra Pradesh Tuition in KurnoolTuition in NelloreTuition in RajahmundryTuition in VijayawadaTuition in VisakhapatnamTuition in KadapaTuition in GunturTuition in AnantapurTuition in TirupatiTuition in Karnataka Tuition in BangaloreTuition in BelagaviTuition in GulbargaTuition in DharwadTuition in MandyaTuition in BellaryTuition in HassanTuition in VijayapuraTuition in HubliTuition in ShimogaTuition in DavanagereTuition in MysoreTuition in MangaloreTuition in Kerala Tuition in TrivandrumTuition in CochinTuition in ThrissurTuition in KozhikodeTuition in KannurTuition in KollamTuition in PalakkadTuition in KottayamTuition in MalappuramTuition in Tamil Nadu Tuition in ChennaiTuition in CoimbatoreTuition in TiruchirappalliTuition in SalemTuition in VelloreTuition in ErodeTuition in KrishnagiriTuition in PuducherryTuition in Telangana Tuition in HyderabadTuition in KarimnagarTuition in KhammamTuition Centre Near YouBuy a Course Success Stories Live QuizNEWLogin+91-9243500460MathsAlgebra Arithmetic Calculus Geometry Probability and Statistics Number System Set Theory Trigonometry Permutation and Combination Mensuration Maths ArticleMaths Index PagesClass 10 Maths Index Class 11 Maths Index Class 12 Maths Index Maths Properties Math Theorems Maths SymbolsAlgebra Symbols Geometry Symbols Probability And Statistics Symbols Set Theory Symbols Maths TablesTables 1 to 20 Tables 2 to 30 Tables 1 to 100 Tables 100 to 200 Tables 200 to 300 Tables 300 to 400 Tables 400 to 500 Tables 500 to 600 Tables 600 to 700 Tables 700 to 800 Tables 800 to 900 Tables 900 to 1000 Addition Table Multiplication Tables Square RootSquare Root of 2 Square Root of 3 Square Root of 4 Square Root Table Diff. Between In Maths Differential Equations Trigonometry Formulas Trigonometry LawsLaw of Sine Law of Cosines Law of Tangent Maths FormulasMaths formulas for class 6 Maths formulas for class 7 Maths formulas for class 8 Maths formulas for class 9 Maths formulas for class 10 Maths formulas for class 11 Maths formulas for class 12 Maths SyllabusClass 6 Maths Syllabus Class 7 Maths Syllabus Class 8 Maths Syllabus Class 9 Maths Syllabus Class 10 Maths Syllabus Class 11 Maths Syllabus Class 12 Maths Syllabus Maths Important QuestionsMaths Questions Important Questions For Class 8 Maths Important Questions For Class 9 Maths Important Questions For Class 10 Maths Important Questions For Class 11 Maths Important Questions For Class 12 Maths Maths CalculatorMaths MCQsClass 8 Maths MCQs Class 9 Maths MCQs Class 10 Maths MCQs Class 11 Maths MCQs Class 12 Maths MCQs

MathsMath ArticleHexadecimal Number System

Hexadecimal Number System

The hexadecimal number system is a type of number system, that has a base value equal to 16. It is also pronounced sometimes as ‘hex’. Hexadecimal numbers are represented by only 16 symbols. These symbols or values are 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, A, B, C, D, E and F. Each digit represents a decimal value. For example, D is equal to base-10 13.

Hexadecimal number systems can be converted to other number systems such as binary number (base-2), octal number (base-8) and decimal number systems (base-10).  The concept of the number system is widely explained in the syllabus of Class 9.

The list of 16 hexadecimal digits with their equivalent decimal, octal and binary representation is given here in the form of a table, which will help in number system conversion. This list can be used as a translator or converter also.

Hexadecimal Number System Table

Below is the table of hexadecimal number systems with equivalent values of the binary and decimal number systems.

Decimal Numbers

4-bit Binary Number

Hexadecimal Number

0

0000

0

1

0001

1

2

0010

2

3

0011

3

4

0100

4

5

0101

5

6

0110

6

7

0111

7

8

1000

8

9

1001

9

10

1010

A

11

1011

B

12

1100

C

13

1101

D

14

1110

E

15

1111

F

Below is the link to download the table. Students can download the PDF and learn offline too.

Download PDF – Hexadecimal Number System

Hexadecimal Number System Conversions

As we know, there are 16 digits in the hexadecimal number system, represented from 0 to 9 same as decimals, but after that, it starts with an alphabetical representation of preceding numbers such as A, B, C, D and E. Let us see the conversion of ‘hex’ into other number systems.

Hexadecimal to Decimal Conversion

Here, you will see the representation of a hexadecimal number into decimal form.

Hexadecimal

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

A

B

C

D

E

F

Decimal

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

Decimal to Hexadecimal Conversion

You have learned how to convert hexadecimal numbers to decimal numbers. Now let us find out how we can convert a decimal number into a hexadecimal number system. Follow the below steps:

Firstly divide the number by 16

Take the quotient and divide again by 16

The remainder left will produce the hex value

Repeats the steps until the quotient has become 0

Example: Convert (242)10 into hexadecimal.

Solution: Divide 242 by 16 and repeat the steps, till the quotient is left as 0.

Therefore, (242)10 = (F2)16

Hexadecimal to Octal Conversion

Here, you will see the representation of a hexadecimal number into octal number form.

Hexadecimal

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

A

B

C

D

E

F

Octal

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

Octal to Hexadecimal Conversion

To convert octal to hex, we have to first convert octal number to decimal and then decimal to hexadecimal. Let us understand it with the help of an example;

Example: Convert (121)8 into hexadecimal.

Solution: First convert 121 into decimal number.

⇒ 1 × 82 + 2 × 81 + 1 × 80

⇒ 1 × 64 + 2 × 8 + 1 × 1

⇒ 64 + 16 + 1

⇒ 81

(121)8 = 8110

Now converting 8110 into a hexadecimal number.

Therefore, 8110 = 5116

Hexadecimal to Binary Conversion

Here, you will see the representation of a hexadecimal number into binary form. We can use only 4 digits to represent each hexadecimal number, where each group has a distinct value from 0000 (for 0) and 1111 (for F= 15 =8 + 4 + 2 + 1).

Hexadecimal

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

A

B

C

D

E

F

Binary

0

1

10

11

100

101

110

111

1000

1001

1010

1011

1100

1101

1110

1111

Binary to Hexadecimal Conversion

Binary to hexadecimal conversion is a simple method to do. You just have to put the values of the binary number to the relevant hexadecimal number.

Example: Convert (11100011)2 to hexadecimal.

Solution: From the table, we can write, 11100011 as E3.

Therefore, (11100011)2 = (E3)16

Facts of Hexadecimal Number System

Out of many types of number representation techniques, the Hexadecimal number system is one having a value of base 16.

So Hexadecimal numbers have 16 symbols or digital values, i.e 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, A, B, C, D, E, F.

A, B, C, D, E, F are single bit representations of 10, 11, 12, 13, 14 and 15 respectively.

The addition of either an o prefix or an h prefix indicates Hexadecimal.

A power of 16 is the weight of the position of every digit.

Solved Examples on Hexadecimal number system

Example 1: What is 5C6 (Hexadecimal)?

Solution: Step 1: The “5 “ is the “16 x 16” position, so that means 5 x16 x16

Step 2: The ‘C’ (12) is in the “16” position, so that means 12 x 16.

Step 3: The “6” in the “1” position so that means 6.

Answer is : 5C6 = 5 x 16 x 16 + 12 x 16 +6 = (1478 ) in Decimal.

Example 2: What is 3C5 (Hexadecimal)?

Solution: Step 1: The “3 “ is the “16 x 16” position, so that means 3 x16 x16

Step 2: The ‘C’ (12) is in the “16” position, so that means 12 x 16.

Step 3: The “5” is in the “1” position so that means 5.

Answer is : 3C5 = 3 x 16 x 16 + 12 x 16 + 5 = (965) in Decimal.

Example 3: What is 7B5 (Hexadecimal)?

Solution: Step 1: The “7 “ is the “16 x 16” position, so that means 7 x16 x16

Step 2: The ‘B’ (11) is in the “11” position, so that means 11 x 16.

Step 3: The 5” in the “1” position so that means 5.

Answer is : 7B5 = 7 x 16 x 16 + 11 x 16 +5 = (1973) in Decimal.

Example 4: What is 2E8 (Hexadecimal)?

Solution: Step 1: The “2 “ is the “16 x 16” position, so that means 2 x16 x16

Step 2: The ‘E’ (14) is in the “16” position, so that means 14 x 16.

Step 3: The “2” is in the “1” position so that means 2.

Answer is : 2E8 = 2 x 16 x 16 + 14 x 16 +8 = (744) in Decimal.

Example 5: What is 4F8 (Hexadecimal)?

Solution: Step 1: The “4 “ is the “16 x 16” position, so that means 4 x16 x16

Step 2: The ‘F’ (15) is in the “16” position, so that means 15 x 16.

Step 3: The “8” is in the “1” position, which means 8.

Answer is : 4F8 = 4 x16 x 16 + 15 x 16 +8 = (1272) in Decimal.

Practice Questions

What is 5D16 in decimal number?

Convert decimal number 21 into a hexadecimal number.

What is 01101112 in hexadecimal?

Related Articles

Number System Conversion

Binary Number System

Octal Number System

Hexadecimal Calculator

Number System For Class

Important Questions Class 9 Maths Chapter 1 Number System

Keep visiting BYJU’S and Subscribe to our YouTube channel for learning number system and other mathematical topics in a fun and engaging way. 

Frequently Asked Questions – FAQsQ1 What is a hexadecimal number system?The hexadecimal number system is a number system with base-16. It is represented by only 16 digits or values.Q2 What are the 16 digits of the hexadecimal number system?The 16 digits of the hexadecimal number system are 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, A, B, C, D, E, F.Q3 What is the use of the hexadecimal number system?Hexadecimal number systems are used for computer programming and designing. Since the computer understands only binary digits (0 and 1), thus each hexadecimal digit represents four binary digits.Q4 What is 3CD (hexadecimal)?3CD is a hexadecimal number that is equivalent to decimal number 973.

Quiz on Hexadecimal number system

Q5

Put your understanding of this concept to test by answering a few MCQs. Click ‘Start Quiz’ to begin!

Select the correct answer and click on the “Finish” buttonCheck your score and answers at the end of the quiz

Start Quiz

Congrats!

Visit BYJU’S for all Maths related queries and study materials

Your result is as below

0 out of 0 arewrong

0 out of 0 are correct

0 out of 0 are Unattempted

View Quiz Answers and Analysis

X

Login To View Results

Mobile Number*

Send OTP

Did not receive OTP?

Request OTP on

Voice Call

Login To View Results

Name*

Email ID*

Grade*

Grade

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

City*

View Result

MATHS Related Links

Pie Charts

Trigonometric Functions Class 11

Maxima And Minima Problems

Green’s Theorem

List Of Numbers

Area Of Any Triangle Formula

Triangle Inequality

Area Of Semi Circle

Place Value And Face Value

Median Of A Triangle

Comments

Leave a Comment Cancel replyYour Mobile number and Email id will not be published. Required fields are marked *

*

Send OTP

Did not receive OTP?

Request OTP on

Voice Call

*

*

Website

*

Grade/Exam

Class 1

Class 2

Class 3

Class 4

Class 5

Class 6

Class 7

Class 8

Class 9

Class 10

Class 11

Class 12

IAS

CAT

Bank Exam

GATE

*

*

Post My Comment

CBSE Sample Papers

CBSE Sample Papers Class 8 Maths

CBSE Sample Papers Class 9 Maths

CBSE Sample Papers Class 10 Maths

CBSE Sample Papers Class 11 Maths

CBSE Sample Papers Class 12 Maths

CBSE Previous Year Question Papers

CBSE Previous Year Question Papers Class 12 Maths

CBSE Previous Year Question Papers Class 10 Maths

ICSE Sample Papers

ICSE Sample Papers Class 8 Maths

ICSE Sample Papers Class 9 Maths

ICSE Sample Papers Class 10 Maths

ISC Sample Papers Class 11 Maths

ISC Sample Papers Class 12 Maths

ICSE Previous Year Question Papers

ICSE Previous Year Question Papers Class 10

ISC Previous Year Question Papers Class 12 Maths

BYJU'S Tuition Centre for Class 4 to 10

Class 10 Tuition Centre

Class 9 Tuition Centre

Class 8 Tuition Centre

Class 7 Tuition Centre

Class 6 Tuition Centre

Class 5 Tuition Centre

Class 4 Tuition Centre

Join BYJU'S Learning Program

Grade/Exam

Class 1

Class 2

Class 3

Class 4

Class 5

Class 6

Class 7

Class 8

Class 9

Class 10

Class 11

Class 12

IAS

CAT

Bank Exam

GATE

Submit

COURSES

CBSEICSECATIASJEENEETCommerceJEE MainNCERTJEE AdvancedUPSC Prelims 2022 Question PaperUPSC Prelims 2022 Answer KeyIAS CoachingCBSE Sample PapersCBSE Question Papers

EXAMS

CAT ExamCAT 2023GATE ExamGATE 2024IAS ExamUPSC ExamUPSC SyllabusUPSC 2023Bank ExamGovernment ExamsEducation NewsCLASSES

Kids LearningClass 1st - 3rdClass 4th - 5thClass 6th - 10thClass 11th - 12thBYJU'S Tuition Centre

EXAM PREPARATION

Free CAT PrepFree IAS PrepMathsPhysicsChemistryBiologyJEE 2024JEE Advanced 2023 Question Paper with AnswersJEE Main Mock TestJEE Main 2023 Question Papers with AnswersJEE Main 2022 Question Papers with AnswersJEE Advanced 2022 Question Paper with AnswersNEET 2023 Question PaperNEET 2023 Question Paper AnalysisNEET 2022 Answer KeyRESOURCES

CAT College PredictorWorksheetsBYJU'S AnswerDSSLHome TuitionAll ProductsCalculatorsFormulas

COMPANY

About UsContact UsContact our Financial PartnersInvestorsComplianceCareersBYJU'S in MediaSocial Initiative - Education for AllBYJU'S APPFAQStudents Stories - The Learning TreeSupportFaces of BYJU'S – Life at BYJU'SBlogBYJU'S GiveFOLLOW US

FREE TEXTBOOK SOLUTIONS

NCERT SolutionsNCERT ExemplarNCERT Solutions for Class 6NCERT Solutions for Class 7NCERT Solutions for Class 8NCERT Solutions for Class 9NCERT Solutions for Class 10NCERT Solutions for Class 11NCERT Solutions for Class 11 EnglishNCERT Solutions for Class 12 EnglishNCERT Solutions for Class 12RD Sharma SolutionsRD Sharma Class 10 SolutionsICSE Selina Solutions

STATE BOARDS

MaharashtraGujaratTamil NaduKarnatakaKeralaAndhra PradeshTelanganaUttar PradeshBiharRajasthan

Madhya PradeshWest Bengal

FOLLOW US

Disclaimer

Privacy Policy

Terms of Services

Sitemap

© 2024, BYJU'S. All rights reserved.

widgets-close-button

Share

Share

Share

Call Us

Register with BYJU'S & Download Free PDFs

*

Send OTP

*

*

*

*

*

Grade

Class 1

Class 2

Class 3

Class 4

Class 5

Class 6

Class 7

Class 8

Class 9

Class 10

Class 11

Class 12

IAS

CAT

Bank Exam

GATE

Download Now

Register with BYJU'S & Watch Live Videos

*

Send OTP

*

*

*

*

*

Grade

Class 1

Class 2

Class 3

Class 4

Class 5

Class 6

Class 7

Class 8

Class 9

Class 10

Class 11

Class 12

IAS

CAT

Bank Exam

GATE

Watch Now

FREE

Signup

Play&

Win

What is a Hexagon? Definition, Properties, Area, Perimeter, Facts

What is a Hexagon? Definition, Properties, Area, Perimeter, Facts

Skip to content

Menu

Menu

Parents

Educators

Teacher

Administrator

Teacher How To’s

Support

Learning App

How it works

All Games

Math Games

ELA Games

All Worksheets

Math Worksheets

ELA Worksheets

Log in

Sign Up

Hexagon – Definition, Types, Properties, Examples, FAQs

Home » Math Vocabluary » Hexagon – Definition, Types, Properties, Examples, FAQs

What is a Hexagon? Types of HexagonsClassification of hexagons based on their anglesSolved Examples on HexagonPractice Problems On HexagonFrequently Asked Questions On Hexagon

What is a Hexagon? 

In geometry, a hexagon can be defined as a closed two-dimensional polygon with six sides. 

Hexagon has 6 vertices and 6 angles also.

Hexa means six and gonia means angles.

Examples

Non – Examples

Hexagon in Real Life

We can find the shape of a hexagon in a honeycomb, a football, face of pencil, and floor tiles. 

Hexagon around us

Begin here

2d Shapes

Identify Trapezoid, Hexagon, and Pentagon Game

Play

Types of Hexagons

Hexagonal shape is classified into several types based on the measure of sides and angles.

Classification of hexagons based on their sides

1. Regular Hexagon

When the length of all the sides and measure of all the angles are equal, it is a regular hexagon. All interior angles of a regular hexagon are 120 degrees each.

Properties of a Regular Hexagon

All the sides are equal in length. 

All the interior angles measure 120°.

All the exterior angles measure 60°.

Since all angles are equal in a regular hexagon, each angle is 120o and the sum of all the interior angles is 720o. 

A regular hexagon can be divided into six equilateral triangles.

The opposite sides of a regular hexagon are parallel to each other.

A regular hexagon is also a convex hexagon. 

Symmetry in regular hexagon:

A regular hexagon has 6 lines of symmetry and a rotational symmetry of order 6

6 lines of symmetrySix 60° angles of rotation

2. Irregular Hexagon

In an irregular hexagon, the length of sides and measure of angles do not have the same measure.

Related Worksheets

View

View

Classification of hexagons based on their angles

1. Convex Hexagon

For convex hexagons, all of its interior angles must be less than 180 degrees, and all the vertices are pointed outwards. Convex hexagons can be regular or irregular.

2. Concave Hexagon

For concave hexagons, at least one of its interior angles must be greater than 180° and at least one of its vertex points inwards.

Properties of Hexagon

It is two-dimensional.

It has six sides, six edges and six vertices.

The sum of the interior angles is 720 degrees.

It has nine diagonals.

Perimeter of a Hexagon

The perimeter of a hexagon is the sum of the length of all 6 sides.

Perimeter = AB + BC + CD + DE + EF + FA

In regular hexagons, all sides are equal in length. So, the perimeter of a regular hexagon is six times the length of one side. 

Perimeter = a + a + a + a + a + a = 6a

Solved Examples on Hexagon

Example 1: Find the perimeter of a regular hexagon having each side measure 20 cm.

Solution:

Perimeter of regular hexagon = 6 × length of side

= 6 × 20 cm

= 120 cm

So, the perimeter of the hexagon is 120 cm.

Example 2: The perimeter of a regular hexagon is 36 cm. What is the length of its sides?

Solution:

 Perimeter of regular hexagon = 6 × length of side

36 = 6 × length of side

Length of side = 366 cm = 6 cm

So, the length of its sides is 6 cm.

Example 3: Five angles of a hexagon measure 110° each. What is the measure of the sixth angle?

Solution:

Sum of the interior angles in hexagon = 720°

Sum of five angles = 5 × 110° = 550°

Sixth angle = 720° – 550° = 170°

So, the measure of the sixth angle is 170°.

Practice Problems On Hexagon

HexagonAttend this Quiz & Test your knowledge.1What is the measure of each interior angle of a regular hexagon?60°100°120°720°CorrectIncorrectCorrect answer is: 120°The sum of the interior angles of a hexagon is 720° For a regular hexagon all the sides are of the same length and all interior angles are equal. So, each interior angle= 720/6 = 120° So, the measure of the interior angle of a regular hexagon is 120°.2A plane with six sides is classified aspentagonhexagonheptagonoctagonCorrectIncorrectCorrect answer is: hexagonHexagon is a two dimensional polygon with six sides.3The hexagon is said to be convex hexagon if none of its interior angles is 90°less than 90°more than 90° and less than 180°more than 180°CorrectIncorrectCorrect answer is: more than 180°more than 180° For convex hexagons, all of its interior angles must be less than 180 degrees. For concave hexagons, at least one of its interior angles must be greater than 180°.4A regular hexagon has how many lines of symmetry 4689CorrectIncorrectCorrect answer is: 6A regular hexagon has 6 lines of symmetry. In a regular polygon the lines of symmetry are equal to the number of sides. So there will be 6 lines of symmetry for a regular hexagon.

Frequently Asked Questions On Hexagon

How many types of hexagons are there?

There are four types of hexagons. These are regular hexagons, irregular hexagons, concave hexagons, and concave hexagons.

What are the three characteristics of a hexagon?

Hexagon has 6 sides, 6 angles and 6 vertices.

What is the sum of all interior angles of a hexagon?

The sum of all interior angles of a hexagon is 720°.

How many diagonals does a hexagon have?

A hexagon has 9 diagonals.

Does a hexagon always have equal sides?

No, hexagons can have sides with different lengths. Regular hexagon has all sides are equal in length.

Are all six-sided shapes hexagon?

Yes, all six sided shapes are called hexagons.

RELATED POSTS

Frequency Table in Math – Definition, FAQs, Examples

Straight Angle – Definition With Examples

What Are Rectilinear Figures? Definition, Types, Examples, FAQs

Area of a Quarter Circle: Definition, Formula, Examples

Common Difference: Definition with Examples

Grade-Wise Learning Resources

Explore 11,000+ Games and Worksheets

Try for free

POPULAR POSTSPrime Numbers – Definition, Chart, Examples,…Place Value – Definition with ExamplesAM and PM – Definition, Examples, FAQs,…Order Of Operations – Definition, Steps, FAQs,…Long Division – Definition, Steps, Method, Examples Geometry Skills and Resources

» Terms in Geometry

Get 29 items to practice

Practice

» Shapes

Get 92 items to practice

Practice

» Coordinate Planes

Get 7 items to practice

Practice

Math & ELA | PreK To Grade 5

Kids see fun.

You see real learning outcomes.

Watch your kids fall in love with math & reading through our scientifically designed curriculum.

Parents, try for freeTeachers, use for free

Product

Games for Kids

Math Games

ELA Games

Worksheets for Kids

Math Worksheets

ELA Worksheets

Math Vocabulary

Math for Kids

Number Games

Addition Games

Subtraction Games

Multiplication Games

Division Games

Addition Worksheets

Subtraction Worksheets

Multiplication Worksheets

Division Worksheets

Times Tables Worksheets

ELA for Kids

Reading Games

Writing Games

Phonics Games

Sight Words Games

Letter Tracing Games

Reading Worksheets

Writing Worksheets

Phonics Worksheets

Sight Words Worksheets

Letter Tracing Worksheets

Math Vocabulary

Prime Number

Order of Operations

Long multiplication

Factors

Place value

Fraction

Parallelogram

Geometry

Division

Multiple

Resources

Blog

About Us

Careers

Contact Us

SplashLearn Success Stories

SplashLearn Apps

Help

help@splashlearn.com

Terms of use | Privacy Policy

StudyPad & SplashLearn are registered Trademarks of StudyPad, Inc.

Math & ELA | PreK To Grade 5

Kids see fun.

You see real learning outcomes.

Make study-time fun with 14,000+ games & activities, 450+ lesson plans, and more—free forever.

Parents, Try for FreeTeachers, Use for Free

X

HEXA - Wikipedia

HEXA - Wikipedia

Jump to content

Main menu

Main menu

move to sidebar

hide

Navigation

Main pageContentsCurrent eventsRandom articleAbout WikipediaContact usDonate

Contribute

HelpLearn to editCommunity portalRecent changesUpload file

Search

Search

Create account

Log in

Personal tools

Create account Log in

Pages for logged out editors learn more

ContributionsTalk

Contents

move to sidebar

hide

(Top)

1Function

2Gene mutations resulting in Tay–Sachs disease

3Gene therapies for Tay-Sachs

4References

5Further reading

6External links

Toggle the table of contents

HEXA

3 languages

BosanskiMagyarУкраїнська

Edit links

ArticleTalk

English

ReadEditView history

Tools

Tools

move to sidebar

hide

Actions

ReadEditView history

General

What links hereRelated changesUpload fileSpecial pagesPermanent linkPage informationCite this pageGet shortened URLDownload QR codeWikidata item

Print/export

Download as PDFPrintable version

In other projects

Wikimedia Commons

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens

HEXAAvailable structuresPDBOrtholog search: PDBe RCSB List of PDB id codes2GJX, 2GK1IdentifiersAliasesHEXA, TSD, hexosaminidase subunit alphaExternal IDsOMIM: 606869 MGI: 96073 HomoloGene: 20146 GeneCards: HEXA Gene location (Human)Chr.Chromosome 15 (human)[1]Band15q23Start72,340,924 bp[1]End72,376,420 bp[1]Gene location (Mouse)Chr.Chromosome 9 (mouse)[2]Band9 B|9 32.02 cMStart59,446,823 bp[2]End59,472,392 bp[2]RNA expression patternBgeeHumanMouse (ortholog)Top expressed ingallbladderstromal cell of endometriumleft lobe of thyroid glandright coronary arteryright lobe of thyroid glandleft adrenal glandright uterine tuberight lungrectumupper lobe of left lungTop expressed incalvariabody of femuririsaortic valvecrypt of lieberkuhn of small intestineascending aortaciliary bodyislet of LangerhansPaneth cellutricleMore reference expression dataBioGPSn/aGene ontologyMolecular function

acetylglucosaminyltransferase activity

protein heterodimerization activity

hydrolase activity, hydrolyzing O-glycosyl compounds

hydrolase activity

hydrolase activity, acting on glycosyl bonds

beta-N-acetylhexosaminidase activity

N-acetyl-beta-D-galactosaminidase activity

protein binding

Cellular component

extracellular exosome

membrane

lysosome

lysosomal lumen

azurophil granule

Biological process

hyaluronan catabolic process

glycosaminoglycan biosynthetic process

metabolism

glycosphingolipid metabolic process

chondroitin sulfate catabolic process

keratan sulfate catabolic process

carbohydrate metabolic process

Sources:Amigo / QuickGOOrthologsSpeciesHumanMouseEntrez307315211EnsemblENSG00000213614ENSMUSG00000025232UniProtP06865P29416RefSeq (mRNA)NM_000520NM_001318825NM_010421RefSeq (protein)NP_000511NP_001305754NP_034551Location (UCSC)Chr 15: 72.34 – 72.38 MbChr 9: 59.45 – 59.47 MbPubMed search[3][4]WikidataView/Edit HumanView/Edit Mouse

HEXA gene is located on the long (q) arm of chromosome 15 at position 24.1.

Hexosaminidase A (alpha polypeptide), also known as HEXA, is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the HEXA gene, located on the 15th chromosome.[5][6]

Hexosaminidase A and the cofactor GM2 activator protein catalyze the degradation of the GM2 gangliosides and other molecules containing terminal N-acetyl hexosamines.[7] Hexosaminidase A is a heterodimer composed of an alpha subunit (this protein) and a beta subunit. The alpha subunit polypeptide is encoded by the HEXA gene while the beta subunit is encoded by the HEXB gene. Gene mutations in the gene encoding the beta subunit (HEXB) often result in Sandhoff disease; whereas, mutations in the gene encoding the alpha subunit (HEXA, this gene) decrease the hydrolysis of GM2 gangliosides, which is the main cause of Tay–Sachs disease.[8]

Function[edit]

Even though the alpha and beta subunits of hexosaminidase A can both cleave GalNAc residues, only the alpha subunit is able to hydrolyze GM2 gangliosides. The alpha subunit contains a key residue, Arg-424, which is essential for binding the N-acetyl-neuraminic residue of GM2 gangliosides. The alpha subunit can hydrolyze GM2 gangliosides because it contains a loop structure consisting of the amino acids: Gly-280, Ser-281, Glu-282, and Pro-283. The loop is absent in the beta subunit, but it serves as an ideal structure for the binding of the GM2 activator protein (GM2AP) in the alpha subunit. A combination of Arg-424 and the amino acids that cause the formation of the loop allow the alpha subunit to hydrolyze GM2 gangliosides into GM3 gangliosides by removing the N-acetylgalactosamine (GalNAc) residue from GM2 gangliosides.[9]

Gene mutations resulting in Tay–Sachs disease[edit]

There are numerous mutations that lead to hexosaminidase A deficiency including gene deletions, nonsense mutations, and missense mutations. Tay–Sachs disease occurs when hexosaminidase A loses its ability to function. People with Tay–Sachs disease are unable to remove the GalNAc residue from the GM2 ganglioside, and as a result, they end up storing 100 to 1000 times more GM2 gangliosides in the brain than the normal person. Over 100 different mutations have been discovered just in infantile cases of Tay–Sachs disease alone.[10]

The most common mutation, which occurs in over 80 percent of Tay–Sachs patients, results from a four base pair addition (TATC) in exon 11 of the Hex A gene. This insertion leads to an early stop codon, which causes the Hex A deficiency.[11]

Children born with Tay–Sachs usually die between two and six years of age from aspiration and pneumonia. Tay–Sachs causes cerebral degeneration and blindness. Patients also experience flaccid extremities and seizures. There is no cure for Tay–Sachs disease.[10]

Gene therapies for Tay-Sachs[edit]

The HEXA gene is a protein encoding gene that codes for the lysosomal enzyme beta-hexosaminidase. This enzyme, combined with the GM2 activator protein, is responsible for the breakdown of ganglioside GM2 within the lysosome. Defects in the HEXA gene, however, prevent this degradation, leading to a buildup of toxins in brain and spinal cord cells. This fatal genetic disorder is called Tay-Sachs disease. Because the Tay-Sachs gene defect mainly affects neural cells, a patient with the HEXA mutation will experience a quick deterioration of motor and mental function before dying around the age of three or four.[citation needed]

A “knockout” model, which is a mouse that has been genetically modified to observe the effects of inactivation of or damage to certain genes, found that the mice that were administered the HEXA gene experienced many of the same symptoms of Tay-Sachs, with one exception: GM2 buildup was distributed differently in the brains of the mice than in those of a typical human Tay-Sachs patient.[citation needed] This model has allowed scientists to research gene therapies for HEXA defects. One study, done on mice, successfully reestablished beta-hexoaminidase levels and removed the toxic cell buildup by using a non-replicated Herpes simplex vector to code for the missing gene.[citation needed]

References[edit]

^ a b c GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000213614 - Ensembl, May 2017

^ a b c GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000025232 - Ensembl, May 2017

^ "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.

^ "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.

^ Korneluk RG, Mahuran DJ, Neote K, Klavins MH, O'Dowd BF, Tropak M, Willard HF, Anderson MJ, Lowden JA, Gravel RA (June 1986). "Isolation of cDNA clones coding for the alpha-subunit of human beta-hexosaminidase. Extensive homology between the alpha- and beta-subunits and studies on Tay-Sachs disease". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 261 (18): 8407–13. doi:10.1016/S0021-9258(19)83927-3. PMID 3013851.

^ Proia RL, Soravia E (April 1987). "Organization of the gene encoding the human beta-hexosaminidase alpha-chain". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 262 (12): 5677–81. doi:10.1016/S0021-9258(18)45628-1. PMID 2952641.

^ Knapp S, Vocadlo D, Gao Z, Kirk B, Lou J, Withers SG (1996). "NAG-thiazoline, an N-acetylbeta-hexosaminidase inhibitor that implicates acetamido participation". J. Am. Chem. Soc. 118 (28): 6804–6805. doi:10.1021/ja960826u.

^ Mark BL, Mahuran DJ, Cherney MM, Zhao D, Knapp S, James MN (April 2003). "Crystal structure of human beta-hexosaminidase B: understanding the molecular basis of Sandhoff and Tay-Sachs disease". Journal of Molecular Biology. 327 (5): 1093–109. doi:10.1016/S0022-2836(03)00216-X. PMC 2910754. PMID 12662933.

^ Lemieux MJ, Mark BL, Cherney MM, Withers SG, Mahuran DJ, James MN (June 2006). "Crystallographic structure of human beta-hexosaminidase A: interpretation of Tay-Sachs mutations and loss of GM2 ganglioside hydrolysis". Journal of Molecular Biology. 359 (4): 913–29. doi:10.1016/j.jmb.2006.04.004. PMC 2910082. PMID 16698036.

^ a b Ozand PT, Nyhan WL, Barshop BA (2005). "Part Thirteen Lipid Storage Disorders: Tay-Sachs disease/hexosaminidase A deficiency". Atlas of metabolic diseases. London: Hodder Arnold. pp. 539–546. ISBN 0-340-80970-1.

^ Boles DJ, Proia RL (March 1995). "The molecular basis of HEXA mRNA deficiency caused by the most common Tay-Sachs disease mutation". American Journal of Human Genetics. 56 (3): 716–24. PMC 1801160. PMID 7887427.

Further reading[edit]

Taniike M, Yamanaka S, Proia RL, Langaman C, Bone-Turrentine T, Suzuki K (1995). "Neuropathology of mice with targeted disruption of Hexa gene, a model of Tay-Sachs disease". Acta Neuropathologica. 89 (4): 296–304. doi:10.1007/s004010050250. PMID 7610760.

Martino S, Marconi P, Tancini B, Dolcetta D, De Angelis MG, Montanucci P, Bregola G, Sandhoff K, Bordignon C, Emiliani C, Manservigi R, Orlacchio A (August 2005). "A direct gene transfer strategy via brain internal capsule reverses the biochemical defect in Tay-Sachs disease". Human Molecular Genetics. 14 (15): 2113–23. doi:10.1093/hmg/ddi216. PMID 15961412.

Mahuran DJ (February 1991). "The biochemistry of HEXA and HEXB gene mutations causing GM2 gangliosidosis". Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Molecular Basis of Disease. 1096 (2): 87–94. doi:10.1016/0925-4439(91)90044-A. PMID 1825792.

Myerowitz R (1997). "Tay-Sachs disease-causing mutations and neutral polymorphisms in the Hex A gene". Human Mutation. 9 (3): 195–208. doi:10.1002/(SICI)1098-1004(1997)9:3<195::AID-HUMU1>3.0.CO;2-7. PMID 9090523. S2CID 22587938.

Mahuran DJ (October 1999). "Biochemical consequences of mutations causing the GM2 gangliosidoses". Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Molecular Basis of Disease. 1455 (2–3): 105–38. doi:10.1016/S0925-4439(99)00074-5. PMID 10571007.

Gilbert F, Kucherlapati R, Creagan RP, Murnane MJ, Darlington GJ, Ruddle FH (January 1975). "Tay-Sachs' and Sandhoff's diseases: the assignment of genes for hexosaminidase A and B to individual human chromosomes". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 72 (1): 263–7. Bibcode:1975PNAS...72..263G. doi:10.1073/pnas.72.1.263. PMC 432284. PMID 1054503.

Trop I, Kaplan F, Brown C, Mahuran D, Hechtman P (1993). "A glycine250--> aspartate substitution in the alpha-subunit of hexosaminidase A causes juvenile-onset Tay-Sachs disease in a Lebanese-Canadian family". Human Mutation. 1 (1): 35–9. doi:10.1002/humu.1380010106. PMID 1301189. S2CID 40974834.

Akalin N, Shi HP, Vavougios G, Hechtman P, Lo W, Scriver CR, Mahuran D, Kaplan F (1993). "Novel Tay-Sachs disease mutations from China". Human Mutation. 1 (1): 40–6. doi:10.1002/humu.1380010107. PMID 1301190. S2CID 28734677.

Akerman BR, Zielenski J, Triggs-Raine BL, Prence EM, Natowicz MR, Lim-Steele JS, Kaback MM, Mules EH, Thomas GH, Clarke JT (1993). "A mutation common in non-Jewish Tay-Sachs disease: frequency and RNA studies". Human Mutation. 1 (4): 303–9. doi:10.1002/humu.1380010407. PMID 1301938. S2CID 25926877.

Fernandes M, Kaplan F, Natowicz M, Prence E, Kolodny E, Kaback M, Hechtman P (December 1992). "A new Tay-Sachs disease B1 allele in exon 7 in two compound heterozygotes each with a second novel mutation". Human Molecular Genetics. 1 (9): 759–61. doi:10.1093/hmg/1.9.759. PMID 1302612.

McDowell GA, Mules EH, Fabacher P, Shapira E, Blitzer MG (November 1992). "The presence of two different infantile Tay-Sachs disease mutations in a Cajun population". American Journal of Human Genetics. 51 (5): 1071–7. PMC 1682822. PMID 1307230.

Whitley CB, Anderson RA, McIvor RS (April 1992). "Heterozygosity for the "DN allele" (G533-greater than A) of the beta-hexosaminidase alpha subunit gene identified by direct DNA sequencing in a family with the B1 variant of GM2-gangliosidosis". Neuropediatrics. 23 (2): 96–101. doi:10.1055/s-2008-1071320. PMID 1318511.

Triggs-Raine BL, Mules EH, Kaback MM, Lim-Steele JS, Dowling CE, Akerman BR, Natowicz MR, Grebner EE, Navon R, Welch JP (October 1992). "A pseudodeficiency allele common in non-Jewish Tay-Sachs carriers: implications for carrier screening". American Journal of Human Genetics. 51 (4): 793–801. PMC 1682803. PMID 1384323.

Hechtman P, Boulay B, De Braekeleer M, Andermann E, Melançon S, Larochelle J, Prevost C, Kaplan F (December 1992). "The intron 7 donor splice site transition: a second Tay-Sachs disease mutation in French Canada". Human Genetics. 90 (4): 402–6. doi:10.1007/bf00220467. PMID 1483696. S2CID 3190945.

Mules EH, Hayflick S, Miller CS, Reynolds LW, Thomas GH (April 1992). "Six novel deleterious and three neutral mutations in the gene encoding the alpha-subunit of hexosaminidase A in non-Jewish individuals". American Journal of Human Genetics. 50 (4): 834–41. PMC 1682641. PMID 1532289.

Weitz G, Proia RL (May 1992). "Analysis of the glycosylation and phosphorylation of the alpha-subunit of the lysosomal enzyme, beta-hexosaminidase A, by site-directed mutagenesis". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 267 (14): 10039–44. doi:10.1016/S0021-9258(19)50196-X. PMID 1533633.

Navon R, Proia RL (February 1991). "Tay-Sachs disease in Moroccan Jews: deletion of a phenylalanine in the alpha-subunit of beta-hexosaminidase". American Journal of Human Genetics. 48 (2): 412–9. PMC 1683003. PMID 1825014.

Mules EH, Dowling CE, Petersen MB, Kazazian HH, Thomas GH (June 1991). "A novel mutation in the invariant AG of the acceptor splice site of intron 4 of the beta-hexosaminidase alpha-subunit gene in two unrelated American black GM2-gangliosidosis (Tay-Sachs disease) patients". American Journal of Human Genetics. 48 (6): 1181–5. PMC 1683116. PMID 1827945.

Nakai H, Byers MG, Nowak NJ, Shows TB (1991). "Assignment of beta-hexosaminidase A alpha-subunit to human chromosomal region 15q23----q24". Cytogenetics and Cell Genetics. 56 (3–4): 164. doi:10.1159/000133077. PMID 1829032.

Nishimoto J, Tanaka A, Nanba E, Suzuki K (August 1991). "Expression of the beta-hexosaminidase alpha subunit gene with the four-base insertion of infantile Jewish Tay-Sachs disease". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 266 (22): 14306–9. doi:10.1016/S0021-9258(18)98684-9. PMID 1830584.

dos Santos MR, Tanaka A, sá Miranda MC, Ribeiro MG, Maia M, Suzuki K (October 1991). "GM2-gangliosidosis B1 variant: analysis of beta-hexosaminidase alpha gene mutations in 11 patients from a defined region in Portugal". American Journal of Human Genetics. 49 (4): 886–90. PMC 1683169. PMID 1832817.

External links[edit]

Wikimedia Commons has media related to HEXA.

Hexosaminidase A at the U.S. National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)

EC 3.2.1.52

National Tay-Sach’s Disease Site

vtePDB gallery

2gjx: Crystallographic structure of human beta-Hexosaminidase A

2gk1: X-ray crystal structure of NGT-bound HexA

vteHydrolase: sugar hydrolases (EC 3.2)3.2.1: Glycoside hydrolasesDisaccharidase

Sucrase/Sucrase-isomaltase/Invertase

Maltase

Trehalase

Lactase

Glucosidases

Cellulase

Alpha-glucosidase

Acid

Neutral AB

Neutral C

Beta-glucosidase

cytosolic

Debranching enzyme

Other

Amylase

Alpha-amylase

Chitinase

Lysozyme

Neuraminidase

NEU1

NEU2

NEU3

NEU4

Bacterial neuraminidase

Viral neuraminidase

Galactosidases

Alpha

Beta

alpha-Mannosidase

Glucuronidase

Klotho

Hyaluronidase

Pullulanase

Glucosylceramidase

lysosomal

non-lysosomal

Galactosylceramidase

Alpha-N-acetylgalactosaminidase

NAGA

Alpha-N-acetylglucosaminidase

Fucosidase

Hexosaminidase

HEXA

HEXB

Iduronidase

Maltase-glucoamylase

Heparanase

HPSE2

3.2.2: HydrolysingN-Glycosyl compounds

DNA glycosylases: Oxoguanine glycosylase

vteMetabolism, lipid metabolism, glycolipid enzymesSphingolipidTo glycosphingolipid

Glycosyltransferase

Sulfotransferase

To ceramide

From ganglioside

Beta-galactosidase

Hexosaminidase A

Neuraminidase

Glucocerebrosidase

From globoside

Hexosaminidase B

Alpha-galactosidase

Beta-galactosidase

Glucocerebrosidase

From sphingomyelin

Sphingomyelin phosphodiesterase

Sphingomyelin phosphodiesterase 1

From sulfatide

Arylsulfatase A

Galactosylceramidase

To sphingosine

Ceramidase

ACER1

ACER2

ACER3

ASAH1

ASAH2

ASAH2B

ASAH2C

Other

Sphingosine kinase

NCL

Palmitoyl protein thioesterase

Tripeptidyl peptidase I

CLN3

CLN5

CLN6

CLN8

Ceramide synthesis

Serine C-palmitoyltransferase (SPTLC1)

Ceramide glucosyltransferase (UGCG)

Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=HEXA&oldid=1197634599"

Category: Genes on human chromosome 15Hidden categories: Articles with short descriptionShort description matches WikidataAll articles with unsourced statementsArticles with unsourced statements from January 2024Commons category link is on Wikidata

This page was last edited on 21 January 2024, at 09:28 (UTC).

Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 4.0;

additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., a non-profit organization.

Privacy policy

About Wikipedia

Disclaimers

Contact Wikipedia

Code of Conduct

Developers

Statistics

Cookie statement

Mobile view

Toggle limited content width

Hexadecimal to Decimal Converter

Hexadecimal to Decimal Converter

RapidTables

Search

Share

Home›Conversion›Number conversion›Hexadecimal to decimal

Hexadecimal to Decimal converter

From

Binary

Decimal

Octal

Hexadecimal

Text

To

Binary

Decimal

Octal

Hexadecimal

Text

Enter hex numbers

16

= Convert

× Reset

⇅ Swap

Decimal number

10

Decimal from signed 2's complement

10

Binary number

2

Digit grouping

Decimal calculation steps

Decimal to hex converter ►

How to convert from hex to decimal

A regular decimal number is the sum of the digits multiplied with power of 10.

137 in base 10 is equal to each digit multiplied with its corresponding power of 10:

13710 = 1×102+3×101+7×100 = 100+30+7

Hex numbers are read the same way, but each digit counts power of 16 instead of power of 10.

For hex number with n digits:

dn-1 ... d3 d2 d1 d0

Multiply each digit of the hex number with its corresponding power of 16 and sum:

decimal = dn-1×16n-1 + ... + d3×163 + d2×162 + d1×161+d0×160

Example #1

3B in base 16 is equal to each digit multiplied with its corresponding 16n:

3B16 = 3×161+11×160 = 48+11 = 5910

Example #2

E7A9 in base 16 is equal to each digit multiplied with its corresponding 16n:

E7A916 = 14×163+7×162+10×161+9×160 = 57344+1792+160+9 = 5930510

Example #3

0.8 in base 16:

0.816 = 0×160+8×16-1

= 0+0.5 = 0.510

Hex to decimal conversion table

Hexbase 16

Decimalbase 10

Calculation

0

0

-

1

1

-

2

2

-

3

3

-

4

4

-

5

5

-

6

6

-

7

7

-

8

8

-

9

9

-

A

10

-

B

11

-

C

12

-

D

13

-

E

14

-

F

15

-

10

16

1×161+0×160 = 16

11

17

1×161+1×160 = 17

12

18

1×161+2×160 = 18

13

19

1×161+3×160 = 19

14

20

1×161+4×160 = 20

15

21

1×161+5×160 = 21

16

22

1×161+6×160 = 22

17

23

1×161+7×160 = 23

18

24

1×161+8×160 = 24

19

25

1×161+9×160 = 25

1A

26

1×161+10×160 = 26

1B

27

1×161+11×160 = 27

1C

28

1×161+12×160 = 28

1D

29

1×161+13×160 = 29

1E

30

1×161+14×160 = 30

1F

31

1×161+15×160 = 31

20

32

2×161+0×160 = 32

30

48

3×161+0×160 = 48

40

64

4×161+0×160 = 64

50

80

5×161+0×160 = 80

60

96

6×161+0×160 = 96

70

112

7×161+0×160 = 112

80

128

8×161+0×160 = 128

90

144

9×161+0×160 = 144

A0

160

10×161+0×160 = 160

B0

176

11×161+0×160 = 176

C0

192

12×161+0×160 = 192

D0

208

13×161+0×160 = 208

E0

224

14×161+0×160 = 224

F0

240

15×161+0×160 = 240

100

256

1×162+0×161+0×160 = 256

200

512

2×162+0×161+0×160

= 512

300

768

3×162+0×161+0×160

= 768

400

1024

4×162+0×161+0×160

= 1024

Decimal to hex converter ►

 

See also

Decimal to hex converter

Hex to binary converter

Binary to decimal converter

Octal to decimal converter

How to convert hex to decimal

Hex to ASCII text converter

Hex to RGB color converter

Numeral systems

Number conversion

10 hex to decimal

7F hex to decimal

FF hex to decimal

Write how to improve this page

Submit Feedback

NUMBER CONVERSION

ASCII,Hex,Binary,Decimal converter

ASCII text to binary converter

ASCII text to hex converter

Base converter

Binary converter

Binary to ASCII text converter

Binary to decimal converter

Binary to hex converter

Date to roman numerals converter

Decimal to fraction converter

Decimal to percent converter

Decimal to binary converter

Decimal to octal converter

Decimal to hex converter

Degrees to deg,min,sec converter

Deg,min,sec to degrees converter

Degrees to radians converter

Fraction to decimal converter

Fraction to percent converter

Hex/decimal/octal/binary converter

Hex to ASCII text converter

Hex to binary converter

Hex to decimal converter

Octal to decimal converter

Percent to decimal converter

Percent to fraction converter

Percent to ppm converter

ppm to percent converter

ppm to ppb converter

ppm to ppt converter

ppb to ppm converter

ppt to ppm converter

ppm converter

Radians to degrees converter

Roman numerals converter

Scientific notation converter

RAPID TABLES

Recommend Site

Send Feedback

About

Home |

Web |

Math |

Electricity |

Calculators |

Converters |

Tools

©

RapidTables.com |

About |

Terms of Use |

Privacy Policy |

Manage Cookies

HTML Color Codes

HTML Color Codes

HTML Color Codes

Picker

Convert

RGB to Hex

Hex to RGB

Chart

Names

HTML Color Names

Minecraft Color Codes

Bukkit Color Codes

Roblox Color Codes

Library

Tutorials

Resources

Font Generator

Picker

Convert

RGB to Hex

Hex to RGB

Chart

Names

HTML

Minecraft

Bukkit

Roblox

Library

Tutorials

Resources

Dixon & Moe

Email

HTML Color Codes

Get HTML color codes, Hex color codes, RGB and HSL values with our color picker, color chart and HTML color names. Let's go!

HEX

#FF5733

RGB

255, 87, 51

HSL

11, 80%, 60%

Export palette

Color Picker

Find that perfect color with our color picker and discover beautiful color harmonies, tints, shades and tones; input Hex color codes, RGB and HSL values, and generate HTML, CSS and SCSS styles.

Take it for a spin!

Color Chart

Looking for some already great color combinations? Our color chart features flat design colors, Google's Material design scheme and the classic web safe color palette, all with Hex color codes.

See all the charts!

IndianRed

#CD5C5C

rgb(205, 92, 92)

LightCoral

#F08080

rgb(240, 128, 128)

Salmon

#FA8072

rgb(250, 128, 114)

DarkSalmon

#E9967A

rgb(233, 150, 122)

LightSalmon

#FFA07A

rgb(255, 160, 122)

Color Names

Can't remember all 140 HTML color names? We've got you covered, check out our guide for a quick reference of all the HTML color names grouped by color.

Browse the full list!

#DFFF00

223, 255, 0

#FFBF00

255, 191, 0

#FF7F50

255, 127, 80

#DE3163

222, 49, 99

#9FE2BF

159, 226, 191

#40E0D0

64, 224, 208

#6495ED

100, 149, 237

#CCCCFF

204, 204, 255

Color Library

Sourcing colors for a new project? Just for fun? Get inspired by our color library containing over 100+ shades from peach to periwinkle, turquoise to taupe, and just about everything in-between.

Explore the Library!

HTML & CSS Tutorials

Just starting your website or need a refresher? Our tutorials section has something for everyone, from basic HTML and CSS color guides to more advanced techniques in SCSS.

Start learning!

Resources

Our favorite tools and tricks from around the web, including the best color palette generators, free stock photo sites, image search using color, and so much more.

See the guides!

What are HTML color codes?

Color codes are ways of representing the colors we see everyday in a format that a computer can interpret and display. Commonly used in websites and other software applications, there are a variety of formats, including Hex color codes, RGB and HSL values, and HTML color names, amongst others.

Hex color codes

The most popular are Hex color codes; three byte hexadecimal numbers (meaning they consist of six digits), with each byte, or pair of characters in the Hex code, representing the intensity of red, green and blue in the color respectively.

#XXXXXX

Hex code byte values range from 00, which is the lowest intensity of a color, to FF which represents the highest intensity. The color white, for example, is made by mixing each of the three primary colors at their full intensity, resulting in the Hex color code of #FFFFFF.

#FFFFFF

Black, the absence of any color on a screen display, is the complete opposite, with each color displayed at their lowest possible intensity and a Hex color code of #000000.

#000000

Understanding the basics of Hex color code notation we can create grayscale colors very easily, since they consist of equal intensities of each color:

#454545

#999999

The three primary colors, red, green and blue, are made by mixing the highest intensity of the desired color with the lowest intensities of the other two:

#FF0000

#00FF00

#0000FF

With modern browsers supporting the full spectrum of 24-bit color, there are 16,777,216 different color possibilities. Use our color picker to explore all 16.7 million of them, or if that’s too many, check out our color charts for a selection of palettes focused on flat design, Material design and web safe colors.

List of common HTML color codes

Color

Name

Hex Code

RGB Code

White

#FFFFFF

rgb(255, 255, 255)

Silver

#C0C0C0

rgb(192, 192, 192)

Gray

#808080

rgb(128, 128, 128)

Black

#000000

rgb(0, 0, 0)

Red

#FF0000

rgb(255, 0, 0)

Maroon

#800000

rgb(128, 0, 0)

Yellow

#FFFF00

rgb(255, 255, 0)

Olive

#808000

rgb(128, 128, 0)

Lime

#00FF00

rgb(0, 255, 0)

Green

#008000

rgb(0, 128, 0)

Aqua

#00FFFF

rgb(0, 255, 255)

Teal

#008080

rgb(0, 128, 128)

Blue

#0000FF

rgb(0, 0, 255)

Navy

#000080

rgb(0, 0, 128)

Fuchsia

#FF00FF

rgb(255, 0, 255)

Purple

#800080

rgb(128, 0, 128)

Share HTML Color Codes with your friends!

Tweet

Post

Share

Pin

Picker

Colors and Harmonies

Chart

Flat, Material, Web Safe

Names

140 named HTML Colors

Library

Explore 100+ Colors

Tutorials

HTML, CSS and SCSS

Resources

Color Tips and Tricks

HTML Color Codes

English

English

Español

Français

中国

Designed By

Dixon & Moe

© 2015 – 2023

Privacy Policy

Privacy Manager

Contact

Email

Socialize

Google+

Facebook

CodePen

About

We built HTML Color Codes because we believe tools for design should be well designed themselves. If you like the site or have a suggestion, drop us a line; feedback is very much appreciated and always welcome!

Partner Sites

Lorem Ipsum

Word Counter

Glyphy

Colophon

Middleman

Highlight.js

ColorJoe.js

ColorHarmony.js

HEXA(ヘキサ) - ヘキサ(HEXA)NFTマーケットプレイス

HEXA(ヘキサ) - ヘキサ(HEXA)NFTマーケットプレイス

コンテンツへスキップ日本最大級のNFTマーケットプレイス

メニュー

フィードβ

NFTカテゴリ

HEXA NFT一覧

HEXA LAND NFT

HEXA 住民票NFT

INO NFT案件

fancity NFT

スポンサーNFT

メタバース

6ブログ

ライブラリ

HEXA NFTとは

NFT徹底解説

インタビュー

NFTを探す

NFTを販売

仮想通貨・ウォレット不要NFTマーケット

最大級のマーケットC2C型NFTマーケットプレイスとして日本最大級

日本円完結仮想通貨は一切不要すべて日本円で完結

コミュニティNFT保有者限定で入れるコミュニティ機能

HEXAメタバース購入したNFTを飾って楽しめる

HEXA NFTマーケットへABOUT HEXAHEXAについて日本円だけでNFTの発行や売買ができる日本初のNFTマーケットプレイスです。クレジットカード決済でPCスマホから簡単にNFTを購入できます。仮想通貨やウォレットは一切不要で、すぐにNFTを購入したり、売却したり、発行できます。HEXAメタバースと連動し、NFTはHEXA LANDや住民票NFTがあれば自分のメタバース部屋に飾ることもできます。また、WEB3.0型オンラインサロンやファンクラブなどのコミュニティ機能も搭載しています。

デジタル資産NFTとはNFTはNon-Fungible Token(代替不可能なトークン)の略称であり、デジタルデータの所有権をブロックチェーン上に記録することで、これまではコピーして無数に複製ができたデジタルデータを1つだけに特定し、移転・売買できるようにしたものです。美術品などと同様に新たな資産として注目されています。NFTについて詳しくはこちら。NFT化でデジタルデータに価値を持たせる「HEXA(ヘキサ)」では、画像・動画・音声・3Dデータや記事をNFT化することによって、デジタルデータを1点物に変えて価値を創り出します。現実世界での美術品やサイン色紙などの1点物のやり取りのように、ツイートやデジタル作品のNFTもやり取りできるようになります。イーサリアム及びポリゴン(MATIC)のパブリックチェーンを使ったグローバルなNFTが発行できます。

無形の価値をファンと共有できるファンと一緒に盛り上がった瞬間や記念すべきシーン、思い入れのアート作品など、今まで価値の表現が難しかった唯一無二のオリジナルをNFTとしてブロックチェーンに刻み、ファンとその価値を共有することができます。

新しいファンの獲得にもつながるNFTの発行をきっかけに発行者を知り、また購入して応援してくれる新しいファンの獲得につながる可能性があります。NFTは将来の値上がりする可能性もあり、将来に期待して購入し、強くサポートしてくれるファンの獲得につながります。

時間・金銭的負荷ゼロで収益獲得発行に費用はかかりません。既に所有されているあらゆるデータ(写真・動画・音声・記事など)を簡単3ステップでNFT化するだけです。SNSアカウントさえあれば誰でもすぐに発行可能です。在庫リスクも持ち出し費用も一切なく、収益を得られます。STEP簡単ステップで画像・動画・音声・3Dデータや記事をNFT化01

アカウントをワンクリックで認証02

NFT化したい作品・ツイートを選択03

条件を決めて発行MERITなぜHEXAで発行するのか?

日本円完結日本円での販売が可能で、購入者も日本円で転売できます。そのため、仮想通貨なしで日本円でNFTの売買ができ、購入者層の幅が広がります。

ロイヤリティHEXAで転売されても継続して著作者に収益が入り続けます。将来値段が高騰した場合も恩恵を受けることができます。

メタバース空間HEXA独自のメタバース空間に保有するNFTを飾って楽しんだり友人を招待することができ、保有や転売をするだけではない楽しみ方があります。

袋とじNFTNFT保有者だけが見れる、メッセージや画像を入れた袋とじ・トレカ型のNFTを発行することができます。

コミュニティ機能NFT保有者限定のWEB3.0型コミュニティ機能を使うことで、オンラインサロンやファンクラブなど様々な活用ができます。

仮想通貨・ガス代不要HEXA(ヘキサ)ではNFTの販売のために仮想通貨やウォレット、ガス代は不要です。また、販売収益も円で受け取りが可能ですので、仮想通貨による取引がないため、複雑な仮想通貨の会計処理も不要です。

HEXAメタバースの部屋事例

ハルコメ パイNFT【okometo-オコメト-】@pai3art

天々堂 TENTEN-DOU NFT@TENTENDOU_NFT

DaiSukE ZaImA@3DZ_WorlD

こはくの天使@KohakuNoTenshi

SABOTENSHI-NFTさぼ天使@ISIKOROCRYPTO

reima planet©︎@Backto_planet

ハルノキ⬣第五回HEXA公認アンバサダー@harunokikobo

SABOTENSHI-NFTさぼ天使@ISIKOROCRYPTO

と~こ NFT地球を守り隊✒️@tokotokotoko31

PARTNERパートナー東京証券取引所に上場する企業グループとの業務提携や資本提携を行っている信頼と安心のHEXA(ヘキサ)

Government Partner官公庁との包括連携山形県西川町とNFT関連分野で包括連携協定を締結しているHEXA(ヘキサ)

MARKET CONNECTマーケット連携TVアニメに特化したテレビ東京メディアネットのNFTマーケット「fancity」とのマーケット連携を行っているHEXA(ヘキサ)

ARCHIVEMENTS発行実績

もっと見るMEDIAメディア掲載実績

画像・動画・音声・記事等をファンと共有既に所有しているデータをNFT化するだけで始められます。

NFTを発行する

お問い合わせFAQよくある質問NFT発行や購入の詳細マニュアルが欲しい発行者向けのマニュアルはこちらからご確認ください。購入者向けのマニュアルはこちらからご確認ください。購入決済に使用できるクレジットカードを教えてほしいVISA、Master、JCB、American Expressがご利用いただけます。ただし、3Dセキュア認証の設定が必要です。海外で発行されたクレジットカードでもご決済が可能です。デビット・プリペイドカードもご利用可能ですが、同じタイミングで複数の方が同じNFTを購入されようとされるなど与信確認後にエラーが生じた場合、一時的に残高が引き落とされて返金される処理がカード会社様で発生いたします。また、デビット・プリペイドの返金については翌営業日~数日となり、デビット・プリペイドカード会社様の銀行処理(デビット・プリペイドの運営銀行)によって各社異なり、タイミングについてはカード会社様にお問い合わせいただく形となりますのでご注意ください。NFT発行までの詳細な流れとマニュアルが欲しい発行者向けのマニュアルはこちらからご確認くださいHEXAにログインするツイッターアカウントを変更したいHEXAをご利用されているウェブブラウザで、ツイッターサイトに戻り、ツイッター上でアカウント切り替えを行います。その後、HEXAに戻ってログアウト・ログインを行うと、ツイッターログイン中のアカウントで認証・ログインが可能となります。よくあるケースですが、メールからリンクをクリックされますと、通常お使いのブラウザではなく、メールアプリ内ブラウザが開かれます。そのメールアプリ内ブラウザで別のツイッターアカウントでログインされているケースがございます。この場合、該当のリンクをクリックして既にHEXAにログインいただいている別のブラウザでお試しいただくか、メールアプリ内ブラウザでツイッターを開き、アカウントを切り替えてHEXAに再ログインをいただけますと幸いです。HEXAでだけクレジットカード決済が通らないNFTの決済には3Dセキュア2.0の高度な認証が求められております。ご利用いただいているカード会社様に確認される際、カード会社として制限がかかっていない、ご利用サービス側にお問い合わせくださいと返答があった場合でも、クレジットカード会社のカスタマーサポート担当の方が3Dセキュア2.0について把握されていないケースが多く確認されております。その場合、「NFTの決済で3Dセキュア2.0(EMV 3Dセキュア)なのですが、2段階目の認証も解除されていますか?」とご確認頂くことで解消される場合が多数報告されておりますのでご確認ください。NFT化の審査が通らない他者投稿の引用リツイート・ツイートが含まれる場合は承認されないケースが多くなっています。また、他者の著作物や商標を含むものについても著作権を100%発行者様で取得している可能性が低いと考えられるものはNGとなります。100%ご自身で権利を保有されていてもNGとなる場合は、ツイッターアカウントやNFTにその旨を示す情報を入れていただくことで審査がOKとなるケースもございます。よくあるNG事例などはこちら。発行申請した動画が再生されない、NGになるサムネイル設定画面で動画が再生されることを確認の上、ご申請いただけますと幸いです。再生されない場合、MP4動画のformatをAVC方式にして出力いただけますと幸いです。プレビューで再生されない動画を申請頂いた場合は、審査時にNGとなります発行申請して発売したNFTが売れなかった場合の費用は?一切費用が発生することはありません。HEXA(ヘキサ)ではNFTの発行申請を頂き販売された場合、販売期間内(自由に設定いただけます)に売れなかった場合、料金が発生することはありません。そのため、NFT発行に伴って費用をご請求することはございませんのでご安心ください。売れた場合は、その販売金額から所定(発行申請時にご確認いただけます)の調達手数料が差し引かれます。HEXA内での日本円での転売と仮想通貨での転売販売されたHEXA NFTはHEXA内で日本円や仮想通貨で転売することが可能です。NFT保有者限定コンテンツとは何ですか?NFTを保有している人だけが見れるメッセージおよびコンテンツを設定することができます。NFTを購入してくれた方だけに伝えたいメッセージや見せたいコンテンツを設定できます。ロイヤリティとは何ですか?発行時点で二次流通時のロイヤリティのパーセンテージを設定することで、HEXA内で日本円でNFTが転売された場合は発行者に転売金額×ロイヤリティが継続的に支払われます。これによってNFT販売時に安く販売しすぎてしまった場合も、転売マーケットで高値が付けば、著作者は継続的に恩恵を受けることができます。また、転売者も転売によって著作者をサポートすることができます。報酬の受け取り方法とタイミングについて教えてください日本円での販売の場合、販売されたNFTの販売代金から発行時に設定された調達手数料を差し引いた金額を銀行振り込みによりお振込みさせて頂きます(銀行振込手数料は弊社負担です)。販売後、お振込口座情報をご入力いただき、月末締め・翌月末払いにてお支払いさせていただきます。ナイスを押して再読込すると押されてないときがあるアクセス対策のためサイト表示の情報更新に数十秒から最大約1分の時間差があります。ナイスを押してすぐページ再読込すると、ナイスが押されていない見た目になることがありますが、記録されており、数十秒後に再読込で更新されますので、ご安心いただけますと幸いです。メールが届かない携帯キャリアメール ezweb.ne.jp などをご利用されている場合、メール設定等によってはHEXAからの自動メールや認証メールが弾かれて届かないことがあるようです。キャリアメール設定をご確認いただくか、別のメールアドレスをご使用いただきますようお願いいたします。販売終了後に再出品ボタンが出てこない販売終了後、再出品ボタンが出現するまで最大15分程度かかります。少々お待ちください。海外から購入できますか?海外で発行されているクレジットカードでもご購入いただけます。国内クレジットカードと同様、3Dセキュア認証が設定されていない場合はエラーとなります。発行申請時には著作権に加えて商標にも注意してくださいNFT化コンテンツは、写真・イラスト等いかなる作品でも、著作権に加えて商標にもご注意ください。著作権的にはOKでも、シルエットや形状が商標侵害に該当するケースがございます。審査で全て確認はできませんので、発行者様にて100%権利を保有されているものをご申請くださいOpen Seaとの連携についてHEXA NFT MATICについてOpen Seaとの自動連携がOpen Sea側の都合により停止となっております。NFTはブロックチェーンのリンクから確認できます。NFT自体に問題が起きてることはありませんので、ご安心ください。なお、Open Seaとの連携停止についてはこちらをご確認ください。また、それに伴いOncyberはNFTをブロックチェーン情報ではなくOpen Seaのサーバーから情報取得して表示されているため、出庫されてもOncyberで表示されなくなっております。AI生成コンテンツについてAI生成コンテンツについて、生成アプリ側で著作権を明確に主張されていないケースでも、AIによってはウェブ上の著作物を学習データにして生成されているケースがあります。こちらは各国によって判断は異なり、日本では問題ないとされるケースが多いようですが、NFTの特性上、ウォレットにNFTを出庫してほかのプラットフォームで転売が可能となります。国によってはAIの種類によっては今後規制される可能性もありますので、HEXA側で適法性への懸念がわかるものについては今後NGとさせていただきます。ただし、HEXAでは明らかな著作物や商標を含むもののみ審査にて確認させていただいておりますので、前提としては利用規約に基づき、発行者様の責任においてNFT化する権利を100%保有されているもののみ発行申請をいただけますと幸いです。HEXAではスマホアプリは提供しておりませんHEXAではAndroidやiPhoneアプリは提供しておりませんのでご注意ください。HEXAと名の付くスマホアプリとは一切関係ございません。HEXAのサービスはNFTマーケットプレイスHEXA、HEXAメタバース(α)です。ツイートされる際のおすすめタグ付け・ハッシュタグ①HEXAで初めてNFTを販売される時「@HEXANFT #HEXANFT #HEXAデビュー」。②HEXAについて何かツイートされる時「@HEXANFT #HEXANFT」。③HEXAメタバースの部屋を紹介される時「@HEXANFT #HEXANFT #HEXAメタバース」

@法律顧問:AZX総合法律事務所電気通信事業者届出番号:A-04-20234適格事業者番号:T1010701037553

HEXA NFTとは

運営会社

発行者利用規約

購入者利用規約

コミュニティサービス利用に関する特則

HEXA LAND NFT特則(メタバース)

プライバシーポリシー

特定商取引法に関する表示アフィリエイト連携

HEXALAND広告枠の特則

HEXALAND Genesis審査販売

企業向けNFT活用支援ソリューション

お問い合わせ

外部送信規律に基づく表記Copyright © 2023 HEXA

Home / Hexa - Complete your vaping experience

Home / Hexa - Complete your vaping experience

Color Hex - ColorHexa.com

Color Hex - ColorHexa.com

ColorHexa

Color encyclopedia : Information and conversion.

Examples

Gradient generator

Color blender

Color subtraction

216 web safe colors

Colors by name

ColorHexa.com is a free color tool providing information about any color and generating matching color palettes for your designs (such as complementary, analogous, triadic, tetradic or monochromatic colors schemes).

Just type any color value in the search field and ColorHexa will offer a detailed description and automatically convert it to its equivalent in Hexadecimal, RGB, CMYK, HSL, HSV, CIE-LAB / LUV / LCH, Hunter-Lab, XYZ, xyY and Binary.

Convert, generate palettes, and get any color information

RGB

187, 0, 0

CMYK

0, 100, 100, 27

HSL

0°, 100, 36.7

Enter any Hex, RGB or HSL values.

#ff0000

Blend, subtract or create a gradient between two colors

Separate your query with +, - or to.

hsl(279,13,20) to red 255 blue 0 green 60

#46703a

#526742

#5e5f4a

#6a5652

#764e5a

#824562

#8e3c6a

#993472

#a52b7a

#b12382

#bd1a8a

#c91292

#d5099a

0.0002s | Terms | Privacy | Feedback : webmaster[at]colorhexa.com

ColorHexa © 2012 - 2024

Share

Facebook

Twitter

HEXA- Definition & Usage Examples | Dictionary.com

HEXA- Definition & Usage Examples | Dictionary.com

GamesDaily CrosswordWord PuzzleWord FinderAll gamesFeaturedWord of the DaySynonym of the DayWord of the YearNew wordsLanguage storiesAll featuredPop cultureSlangEmojiMemesAcronymsGender and sexualityAll pop cultureWriting tipsGrammar Coach™Writing hubGrammar essentialsCommonly confusedAll writing tipsGamesFeaturedPop cultureWriting tipshexa-a combining form meaning “six,” used in the formation of compound words: hexapartite.Origin of hexa-1Combining form representing Greek héxsixAlso especially before a vowel, hex-. Words Nearby hexa-HewishHewittHewletthewnhexhexa-hexabasichexachloridehexachlorobenzenehexachlorocyclohexanehexachloroethaneDictionary.com Unabridged

Based on the Random House Unabridged Dictionary, © Random House, Inc. 2024How to use hexa- in a sentencehexa-ethyl tetraphosphate, known in the trade as "Killex 100," was used effectually twice as a spray.Northern Nut Growers Association Report of the Proceedings at the Thirty-Eighth Annual Meeting | Northern Nut Growers AssociationAnother of these substances is ellagic acid C14H6O8, a double lactone of a hexa-hydroxy-diphenyldicarboxylic acid.Animal Proteins | Hugh Garner BennettFormin—or, if you insist upon its full name, hexa-methylene-tetramine—is a sugar-like substance with a fish-like smell.Creative Chemistry | Edwin E. SlossonBritish Dictionary definitions for hexa-hexa-combining formsix: hexachord; hexameterOrigin of hexa-1from Greek, from hex sixCollins English Dictionary - Complete & Unabridged 2012 Digital Edition

© William Collins Sons & Co. Ltd. 1979, 1986 © HarperCollins

Publishers 1998, 2000, 2003, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2009, 2012Browse#aabbccddeeffgghhiijjkkllmmnnooppqqrrssttuuvvwwxxyyzzAboutCareersShopContact usAdvertise with usCookies, terms, & privacyDo not sell my infoFollow usGet the Word of the Day every day!Sign upBy clicking "Sign Up", you are accepting Dictionary.com Terms & Conditions and Privacy Policies.My account© 2024 Dictionary.com, LLC

Hexadecimal - Wikipedia

Hexadecimal - Wikipedia

Jump to content

Main menu

Main menu

move to sidebar

hide

Navigation

Main pageContentsCurrent eventsRandom articleAbout WikipediaContact usDonate

Contribute

HelpLearn to editCommunity portalRecent changesUpload file

Search

Search

Create account

Log in

Personal tools

Create account Log in

Pages for logged out editors learn more

ContributionsTalk

Contents

move to sidebar

hide

(Top)

1Representation

Toggle Representation subsection

1.1Written representation

1.1.1Distinguishing from decimal

1.1.2Syntax that is always Hex

1.2Other symbols for 10–15 and mostly different symbol sets

1.3Verbal and digital representations

1.4Signs

1.5Hexadecimal exponential notation

2Conversion

Toggle Conversion subsection

2.1Binary conversion

2.2Other simple conversions

2.3Division-remainder in source base

2.4Conversion through addition and multiplication

2.5Tools for conversion

3Elementary arithmetic

4Real numbers

Toggle Real numbers subsection

4.1Rational numbers

4.2Irrational numbers

4.3Powers

5Cultural history

6Base16 (transfer encoding)

7See also

8References

Toggle the table of contents

Hexadecimal

81 languages

AfrikaansالعربيةԱրեւմտահայերէնAzərbaycancaবাংলাBân-lâm-gúБеларускаяБеларуская (тарашкевіца)БългарскиBosanskiBrezhonegCatalàČeštinaCymraegDanskDeutschEestiΕλληνικάEspañolEsperantoEuskaraفارسیFrançaisFryskGaeilgeGalego한국어Հայերենहिन्दीHrvatskiIdoBahasa IndonesiaÍslenskaItalianoעבריתJawaҚазақшаKreyòl ayisyenКыргызчаLatinaLatviešuLingua Franca NovaLa .lojban.LombardMagyarМакедонскиമലയാളംमराठीBahasa MelayuMirandésМонголNederlands日本語Norsk bokmålNorsk nynorskOʻzbekcha / ўзбекчаPolskiPortuguêsRomânăРусскийSesotho sa LeboaShqipSimple EnglishSlovenčinaSlovenščinaСрпски / srpskiSrpskohrvatski / српскохрватскиSuomiSvenskaTagalogதமிழ்ไทยTürkçeУкраїнськаاردوTiếng Việt文言吴语ייִדיש粵語中文

Edit links

ArticleTalk

English

ReadEditView history

Tools

Tools

move to sidebar

hide

Actions

ReadEditView history

General

What links hereRelated changesUpload fileSpecial pagesPermanent linkPage informationCite this pageGet shortened URLDownload QR codeWikidata item

Print/export

Download as PDFPrintable version

In other projects

Wikimedia Commons

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Base-16 numerical system

"Sexadecimal" redirects here. For base 60, see Sexagesimal.

"Hex digit" redirects here. For binary coded hexadecimals, see Nibble.

"Hex format" redirects here. For hexadecimal file formats, see Hex file (disambiguation).

Part of a series onNumeral systems

Place-value notation

Hindu-Arabic numerals

Western Arabic

Eastern Arabic

Bengali

Devanagari

Gujarati

Gurmukhi

Odia

Sinhala

Tamil

Malayalam

Telugu

Kannada

Dzongkha

Tibetan

Balinese

Burmese

Javanese

Khmer

Lao

Mongolian

Sundanese

Thai

East Asian systems

Contemporary

Chinese

Suzhou

Hokkien

Japanese

Korean

Vietnamese

Historic

Counting rods

Tangut

Other systems

History

Ancient

Babylonian

Post-classical

Cistercian

Mayan

Muisca

Pentadic

Quipu

Rumi

Contemporary

Cherokee

Kaktovik (Iñupiaq)

By radix/base

Common radices/bases

2

3

4

5

6

8

10

12

16

20

60

(table)

Non-standard radices/bases

Bijective (1)

Signed-digit (balanced ternary)

Mixed (factorial)

Negative

Complex (2i)

Non-integer (φ)

Asymmetric

Sign-value notation

Non-alphabetic

Aegean

Attic

Aztec

Brahmi

Chuvash

Egyptian

Etruscan

Kharosthi

Prehistoric counting

Proto-cuneiform

Roman

Tally marks

Alphabetic

Abjad

Armenian

Alphasyllabic

Akṣarapallī

Āryabhaṭa

Kaṭapayādi

Coptic

Cyrillic

Geʽez

Georgian

Glagolitic

Greek

Hebrew

List of numeral systemsvte

In mathematics and computing, the hexadecimal (also base-16 or simply hex) numeral system is a positional numeral system that represents numbers using a radix (base) of sixteen. Unlike the decimal system representing numbers using ten symbols, hexadecimal uses sixteen distinct symbols, most often the symbols "0"–"9" to represent values 0 to 9, and "A"–"F" (or alternatively "a"–"f") to represent values from ten to fifteen.

Software developers and system designers widely use hexadecimal numbers because they provide a human-friendly representation of binary-coded values. Each hexadecimal digit represents four bits (binary digits), also known as a nibble (or nybble).[1] For example, an 8-bit byte can have values ranging from 00000000 to 11111111 (0 to 255 decimal) in binary form, which can be conveniently represented as 00 to FF in hexadecimal.

In mathematics, a subscript is typically used to specify the base. For example, the decimal value 35,443 would be expressed in hexadecimal as 8A7316. In programming, several notations denote hexadecimal numbers, usually involving a prefix. The prefix 0x is used in C, which would denote this value as 0x8A73.

Hexadecimal is used in the transfer encoding Base16, in which each byte of the plaintext is broken into two 4-bit values and represented by two hexadecimal digits.

Representation[edit]

Written representation[edit]

In most current use cases, the letters A–F or a–f represent the values 10–15, while the numerals 0–9 are used to represent their decimal values.

There is no universal convention to use lowercase or uppercase, so each is prevalent or preferred in particular environments by community standards or convention; even mixed case is used. Seven-segment displays use mixed-case AbCdEF to make digits that can be distinguished from each other.

There is some standardization of using spaces (rather than commas or another punctuation mark) to separate hex values in a long list. For instance, in the following hex dump, each 8-bit byte is a 2-digit hex number, with spaces between them, while the 32-bit offset at the start is an 8-digit hex number.

00000000 57 69 6b 69 70 65 64 69 61 2c 20 74 68 65 20 66

00000010 72 65 65 20 65 6e 63 79 63 6c 6f 70 65 64 69 61

00000020 20 74 68 61 74 20 61 6e 79 6f 6e 65 20 63 61 6e

00000030 20 65 64 69 74 0a

Distinguishing from decimal[edit]

In contexts where the base is not clear, hexadecimal numbers can be ambiguous and confused with numbers expressed in other bases. There are several conventions for expressing values unambiguously. A numerical subscript (itself written in decimal) can give the base explicitly: 15910 is decimal 159; 15916 is hexadecimal 159, which equals 34510. Some authors prefer a text subscript, such as 159decimal and 159hex, or 159d and 159h.

Donald Knuth introduced the use of a particular typeface to represent a particular radix in his book The TeXbook.[2] Hexadecimal representations are written there in a typewriter typeface: 5A3

In linear text systems, such as those used in most computer programming environments, a variety of methods have arisen:

Unix (and related) shells, AT&T assembly language and likewise the C programming language (and its syntactic descendants such as C++, C#, Go, D, Java, JavaScript, Python and Windows PowerShell) use the prefix 0x for numeric constants represented in hex: 0x5A3. Character and string constants may express character codes in hexadecimal with the prefix \x followed by two hex digits: '\x1B' represents the Esc control character; "\x1B[0m\x1B[25;1H" is a string containing 11 characters with two embedded Esc characters.[3] To output an integer as hexadecimal with the printf function family, the format conversion code %X or %x is used.

In XML and XHTML, characters can be expressed as hexadecimal numeric character references using the notation ode;, for instance ’ represents the character U+2019 (the right single quotation mark). If there is no x the number is decimal (thus ’ is the same character).[4]

In Intel-derived assembly languages and Modula-2,[5] hexadecimal is denoted with a suffixed H or h: FFh or 05A3H. Some implementations require a leading zero when the first hexadecimal digit character is not a decimal digit, so one would write 0FFh instead of FFh. Some other implementations (such as NASM) allow C-style numbers (0x42).

Other assembly languages (6502, Motorola), Pascal, Delphi, some versions of BASIC (Commodore), GameMaker Language, Godot and Forth use $ as a prefix: $5A3.

Some assembly languages (Microchip) use the notation H'ABCD' (for ABCD16). Similarly, Fortran 95 uses Z'ABCD'.

Ada and VHDL enclose hexadecimal numerals in based "numeric quotes": 16#5A3#. For bit vector constants VHDL uses the notation x"5A3".[6]

Verilog represents hexadecimal constants in the form 8'hFF, where 8 is the number of bits in the value and FF is the hexadecimal constant.

The Icon and Smalltalk languages use the prefix 16r: 16r5A3

PostScript and the Bourne shell and its derivatives denote hex with prefix 16#: 16#5A3.

Common Lisp uses the prefixes #x and #16r. Setting the variables *read-base*[7] and *print-base*[8] to 16 can also be used to switch the reader and printer of a Common Lisp system to Hexadecimal number representation for reading and printing numbers. Thus Hexadecimal numbers can be represented without the #x or #16r prefix code, when the input or output base has been changed to 16.

MSX BASIC,[9] QuickBASIC, FreeBASIC and Visual Basic prefix hexadecimal numbers with &H: &H5A3

BBC BASIC and Locomotive BASIC use & for hex.[10]

TI-89 and 92 series uses a 0h prefix: 0h5A3

ALGOL 68 uses the prefix 16r to denote hexadecimal numbers: 16r5a3. Binary, quaternary (base-4) and octal numbers can be specified similarly.

The most common format for hexadecimal on IBM mainframes (zSeries) and midrange computers (IBM i) running the traditional OS's (zOS, zVSE, zVM, TPF, IBM i) is X'5A3', and is used in Assembler, PL/I, COBOL, JCL, scripts, commands and other places. This format was common on other (and now obsolete) IBM systems as well. Occasionally quotation marks were used instead of apostrophes.

Syntax that is always Hex[edit]

Sometimes the numbers are known to be Hex.

In URIs (including URLs), character codes are written as hexadecimal pairs prefixed with %: http://www.example.com/name%20with%20spaces where %20 is the code for the space (blank) character, ASCII code point 20 in hex, 32 in decimal.

In the Unicode standard, a character value is represented with U+ followed by the hex value, e.g. U+20AC is the Euro sign (€).

Color references in HTML, CSS and X Window can be expressed with six hexadecimal digits (two each for the red, green and blue components, in that order) prefixed with #: white, for example, is represented as #FFFFFF.[11] CSS also allows 3-hexdigit abbreviations with one hexdigit per component: #FA3 abbreviates #FFAA33 (a golden orange:  ).

In MIME (e-mail extensions) quoted-printable encoding, character codes are written as hexadecimal pairs prefixed with =: Espa=F1a is "España" (F1hex is the code for ñ in the ISO/IEC 8859-1 character set).[12])

PostScript binary data (such as image pixels) can be expressed as un-prefixed consecutive hexadecimal pairs: AA213FD51B3801043FBC ...

Any IPv6 address can be written as eight groups of four hexadecimal digits (sometimes called hextets), where each group is separated by a colon (:). This, for example, is a valid IPv6 address: 2001:0db8:85a3:0000:0000:8a2e:0370:7334 or abbreviated by removing leading zeros as 2001:db8:85a3::8a2e:370:7334 (IPv4 addresses are usually written in decimal).

Globally unique identifiers are written as thirty-two hexadecimal digits, often in unequal hyphen-separated groupings, for example 3F2504E0-4F89-41D3-9A0C-0305E82C3301.

Other symbols for 10–15 and mostly different symbol sets[edit]

The use of the letters A through F to represent the digits above 9 was not universal in the early history of computers.

During the 1950s, some installations, such as Bendix-14, favored using the digits 0 through 5 with an overline to denote the values 10–15 as 0, 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5.

The SWAC (1950)[13] and Bendix G-15 (1956)[14][13] computers used the lowercase letters u, v, w, x, y and z for the values 10 to 15.

The ORDVAC and ILLIAC I (1952) computers (and some derived designs, e.g. BRLESC) used the uppercase letters K, S, N, J, F and L for the values 10 to 15.[15][13]

The Librascope LGP-30 (1956) used the letters F, G, J, K, Q and W for the values 10 to 15.[16][13]

On the PERM (1956) computer, hexadecimal numbers were written as letters O for zero, A to N and P for 1 to 15. Many machine instructions had mnemonic hex-codes (A=add, M=multiply, L=load, F=fixed-point etc.); programs were written without instruction names.[17]

The Honeywell Datamatic D-1000 (1957) used the lowercase letters b, c, d, e, f, and g whereas the Elbit 100 (1967) used the uppercase letters B, C, D, E, F and G for the values 10 to 15.[13]

The Monrobot XI (1960) used the letters S, T, U, V, W and X for the values 10 to 15.[13]

The NEC parametron computer NEAC 1103 (1960) used the letters D, G, H, J, K (and possibly V) for values 10–15.[18]

The Pacific Data Systems 1020 (1964) used the letters L, C, A, S, M and D for the values 10 to 15.[13]

Bibi-binary

New numeric symbols and names were introduced in the Bibi-binary notation by Boby Lapointe in 1968.

Bruce Alan Martin's hexadecimal notation proposal[19]

Bruce Alan Martin of Brookhaven National Laboratory considered the choice of A–F "ridiculous". In a 1968 letter to the editor of the CACM, he proposed an entirely new set of symbols based on the bit locations.[19]

Ronald O. Whitaker's hexadecimal notation proposal.[20][21]

Ronald O. Whitaker of Rowco Engineering Co., in 1972, proposed a triangular font that allows "direct binary reading" in order to "permit both input and output from computers without respect to encoding matrices."[20][21]

Some seven-segment display decoder chips (i.e., 74LS47) show unexpected output due to logic designed only to produce 0–9 correctly.[22]

Verbal and digital representations[edit]

Since there were no traditional numerals to represent the quantities from ten to fifteen, alphabetic letters were re-employed as a substitute. Most European languages lack non-decimal-based words for some of the numerals eleven to fifteen. Some people read hexadecimal numbers digit by digit, like a phone number, or using the NATO phonetic alphabet, the Joint Army/Navy Phonetic Alphabet, or a similar ad-hoc system. In the wake of the adoption of hexadecimal among IBM System/360 programmers, Magnuson (1968)[23] suggested a pronunciation guide that gave short names to the letters of hexadecimal – for instance, "A" was pronounced "ann", B "bet", C "chris", etc.[23] Another naming-system was published online by Rogers (2007)[24] that tries to make the verbal representation distinguishable in any case, even when the actual number does not contain numbers A–F. Examples are listed in the tables below. Yet another naming system was elaborated by Babb (2015), based on a joke in Silicon Valley.[25]

Others have proposed using the verbal Morse Code conventions to express four-bit hexadecimal digits, with "dit" and "dah" representing zero and one, respectively, so that "0000" is voiced as "dit-dit-dit-dit" (....), dah-dit-dit-dah (-..-) voices the digit with a value of nine, and "dah-dah-dah-dah" (----) voices the hexadecimal digit for decimal 15.

Hexadecimal finger-counting scheme

Systems of counting on digits have been devised for both binary and hexadecimal. Arthur C. Clarke suggested using each finger as an on/off bit, allowing finger counting from zero to 102310 on ten fingers.[26] Another system for counting up to FF16 (25510) is illustrated on the right.

Magnuson (1968)[23]naming method

Number

Pronunciation

A

ann

B

bet

C

chris

D

dot

E

ernest

F

frost

1A

annteen

A0

annty

5B

fifty-bet

A01C

annty christeen

1AD0

annteen dotty

3A7D

thirty-ann seventy-dot

Rogers (2007)[24] naming method

Number

Pronunciation

A

ten

B

eleven

C

twelve

D

draze

E

eptwin

F

fim

10

tex

11

oneteek

1F

fimteek

50

fiftek

C0

twelftek

100

hundrek

1000

thousek

3E

thirtek-eptwin

E1

eptek-one

C4A

twelve-hundrek-fourtek-ten

1743

one-thousek-seven--hundrek-fourtek-three

Signs[edit]

The hexadecimal system can express negative numbers the same way as in decimal: −2A to represent −4210 and so on.

Hexadecimal can also be used to express the exact bit patterns used in the processor, so a sequence of hexadecimal digits may represent a signed or even a floating-point value. This way, the negative number −4210 can be written as FFFF FFD6 in a 32-bit CPU register (in two's-complement), as C228 0000 in a 32-bit FPU register or C045 0000 0000 0000 in a 64-bit FPU register (in the IEEE floating-point standard).

Hexadecimal exponential notation[edit]

Just as decimal numbers can be represented in exponential notation, so too can hexadecimal numbers. P notation uses the letter P (or p, for "power"), whereas E (or e) serves a similar purpose in decimal E notation. The number after the P is decimal and represents the binary exponent. Increasing the exponent by 1 multiplies by 2, not 16: 20p0 = 10p1 = 8p2 = 4p3 = 2p4 = 1p5. Usually, the number is normalized so that the hexadecimal digits start with 1. (zero is usually 0 with no P).

Example: 1.3DEp42 represents 1.3DE16 × 24210.

P notation is required by the IEEE 754-2008 binary floating-point standard, and can be used for floating-point literals in the C99 edition of the C programming language.[27]

Using the %a or %A conversion specifiers, this notation can be produced by implementations of the printf family of functions following the C99 specification[28] and

Single Unix Specification (IEEE Std 1003.1) POSIX standard.[29]

Conversion[edit]

Binary conversion[edit]

Most computers manipulate binary data, but it is difficult for humans to work with a large number of digits for even a relatively small binary number. Although most humans are familiar with the base 10 system, it is much easier to map binary to hexadecimal than to decimal because each hexadecimal digit maps to a whole number of bits (410).

This example converts 11112 to base ten. Since each position in a binary numeral can contain either a 1 or a 0, its value may be easily determined by its position from the right:

00012 = 110

00102 = 210

01002 = 410

10002 = 810

Therefore:

11112

= 810 + 410 + 210 + 110

 

= 1510

With little practice, mapping 11112 to F16 in one step becomes easy: see table in written representation. The advantage of using hexadecimal rather than decimal increases rapidly with the size of the number. When the number becomes large, conversion to decimal is very tedious. However, when mapping to hexadecimal, it is trivial to regard the binary string as 4-digit groups and map each to a single hexadecimal digit.[30]

This example shows the conversion of a binary number to decimal, mapping each digit to the decimal value, and adding the results.

(01011110101101010010)2

= 26214410 + 6553610 + 3276810 + 1638410 + 819210 + 204810 + 51210 + 25610 + 6410 + 1610 + 210

 

= 38792210

Compare this to the conversion to hexadecimal, where each group of four digits can be considered independently, and converted directly:

(01011110101101010010)2

=

0101 

1110 

1011 

0101 

00102

 

=

5

E

B

5

216

 

=

5EB5216

The conversion from hexadecimal to binary is equally direct.[30]

Other simple conversions[edit]

Although quaternary (base 4) is little used, it can easily be converted to and from hexadecimal or binary. Each hexadecimal digit corresponds to a pair of quaternary digits and each quaternary digit corresponds to a pair of binary digits. In the above example 5 E B 5 216 = 11 32 23 11 024.

The octal (base 8) system can also be converted with relative ease, although not quite as trivially as with bases 2 and 4. Each octal digit corresponds to three binary digits, rather than four. Therefore, we can convert between octal and hexadecimal via an intermediate conversion to binary followed by regrouping the binary digits in groups of either three or four.

Division-remainder in source base[edit]

As with all bases there is a simple algorithm for converting a representation of a number to hexadecimal by doing integer division and remainder operations in the source base. In theory, this is possible from any base, but for most humans only decimal and for most computers only binary (which can be converted by far more efficient methods) can be easily handled with this method.

Let d be the number to represent in hexadecimal, and the series hihi−1...h2h1 be the hexadecimal digits representing the number.

i ← 1

hi ← d mod 16

d ← (d − hi) / 16

If d = 0 (return series hi) else increment i and go to step 2

"16" may be replaced with any other base that may be desired.

The following is a JavaScript implementation of the above algorithm for converting any number to a hexadecimal in String representation. Its purpose is to illustrate the above algorithm. To work with data seriously, however, it is much more advisable to work with bitwise operators.

function toHex(d) {

var r = d % 16;

if (d - r == 0) {

return toChar(r);

}

return toHex((d - r) / 16) + toChar(r);

}

function toChar(n) {

const alpha = "0123456789ABCDEF";

return alpha.charAt(n);

}

Conversion through addition and multiplication[edit]

A hexadecimal multiplication table

It is also possible to make the conversion by assigning each place in the source base the hexadecimal representation of its place value — before carrying out multiplication and addition to get the final representation.

For example, to convert the number B3AD to decimal, one can split the hexadecimal number into its digits: B (1110), 3 (310), A (1010) and D (1310), and then get the final result by multiplying each decimal representation by 16p (p being the corresponding hex digit position, counting from right to left, beginning with 0). In this case, we have that:

B3AD = (11 × 163) + (3 × 162) + (10 × 161) + (13 × 160)

which is 45997 in base 10.

Tools for conversion[edit]

Many computer systems provide a calculator utility capable of performing conversions between the various radices frequently including hexadecimal.

In Microsoft Windows, the Calculator utility can be set to Programmer mode, which allows conversions between radix 16 (hexadecimal), 10 (decimal), 8 (octal) and 2 (binary), the bases most commonly used by programmers. In Programmer Mode, the on-screen numeric keypad includes the hexadecimal digits A through F, which are active when "Hex" is selected. In hex mode, however, the Windows Calculator supports only integers.

Elementary arithmetic[edit]

Elementary operations such as addition, subtraction, multiplication and division can be carried out indirectly through conversion to an alternate numeral system, such as the commonly-used decimal system or the binary system where each hex digit corresponds to four binary digits.

Alternatively, one can also perform elementary operations directly within the hex system itself — by relying on its addition/multiplication tables and its corresponding standard algorithms such as long division and the traditional subtraction algorithm.

Real numbers[edit]

Rational numbers[edit]

As with other numeral systems, the hexadecimal system can be used to represent rational numbers, although repeating expansions are common since sixteen (1016) has only a single prime factor: two.

For any base, 0.1 (or "1/10") is always equivalent to one divided by the representation of that base value in its own number system. Thus, whether dividing one by two for binary or dividing one by sixteen for hexadecimal, both of these fractions are written as 0.1. Because the radix 16 is a perfect square (42), fractions expressed in hexadecimal have an odd period much more often than decimal ones, and there are no cyclic numbers (other than trivial single digits). Recurring digits are exhibited when the denominator in lowest terms has a prime factor not found in the radix; thus, when using hexadecimal notation, all fractions with denominators that are not a power of two result in an infinite string of recurring digits (such as thirds and fifths). This makes hexadecimal (and binary) less convenient than decimal for representing rational numbers since a larger proportion lie outside its range of finite representation.

All rational numbers finitely representable in hexadecimal are also finitely representable in decimal, duodecimal and sexagesimal: that is, any hexadecimal number with a finite number of digits also has a finite number of digits when expressed in those other bases. Conversely, only a fraction of those finitely representable in the latter bases are finitely representable in hexadecimal. For example, decimal 0.1 corresponds to the infinite recurring representation 0.19 in hexadecimal. However, hexadecimal is more efficient than duodecimal and sexagesimal for representing fractions with powers of two in the denominator. For example, 0.062510 (one-sixteenth) is equivalent to 0.116, 0.0912, and 0;3,4560.

n

DecimalPrime factors of: base, b = 10: 2, 5;b − 1 = 9: 3

HexadecimalPrime factors of: base, b = 1610 = 10: 2; b − 1 = 1510 = F: 3, 5

Reciprocal

Prime factors

Positional representation(decimal)

Positional representation(hexadecimal)

Prime factors

Reciprocal

2

1/2

2

0.5

0.8

2

1/2

3

1/3

3

0.3333... = 0.3

0.5555... = 0.5

3

1/3

4

1/4

2

0.25

0.4

2

1/4

5

1/5

5

0.2

0.3

5

1/5

6

1/6

2, 3

0.16

0.2A

2, 3

1/6

7

1/7

7

0.142857

0.249

7

1/7

8

1/8

2

0.125

0.2

2

1/8

9

1/9

3

0.1

0.1C7

3

1/9

10

1/10

2, 5

0.1

0.19

2, 5

1/A

11

1/11

11

0.09

0.1745D

B

1/B

12

1/12

2, 3

0.083

0.15

2, 3

1/C

13

1/13

13

0.076923

0.13B

D

1/D

14

1/14

2, 7

0.0714285

0.1249

2, 7

1/E

15

1/15

3, 5

0.06

0.1

3, 5

1/F

16

1/16

2

0.0625

0.1

2

1/10

17

1/17

17

0.0588235294117647

0.0F

11

1/11

18

1/18

2, 3

0.05

0.0E38

2, 3

1/12

19

1/19

19

0.052631578947368421

0.0D79435E5

13

1/13

20

1/20

2, 5

0.05

0.0C

2, 5

1/14

21

1/21

3, 7

0.047619

0.0C3

3, 7

1/15

22

1/22

2, 11

0.045

0.0BA2E8

2, B

1/16

23

1/23

23

0.0434782608695652173913

0.0B21642C859

17

1/17

24

1/24

2, 3

0.0416

0.0A

2, 3

1/18

25

1/25

5

0.04

0.0A3D7

5

1/19

26

1/26

2, 13

0.0384615

0.09D8

2, D

1/1A

27

1/27

3

0.037

0.097B425ED

3

1/1B

28

1/28

2, 7

0.03571428

0.0924

2, 7

1/1C

29

1/29

29

0.0344827586206896551724137931

0.08D3DCB

1D

1/1D

30

1/30

2, 3, 5

0.03

0.08

2, 3, 5

1/1E

31

1/31

31

0.032258064516129

0.08421

1F

1/1F

32

1/32

2

0.03125

0.08

2

1/20

33

1/33

3, 11

0.03

0.07C1F

3, B

1/21

34

1/34

2, 17

0.02941176470588235

0.078

2, 11

1/22

35

1/35

5, 7

0.0285714

0.075

5, 7

1/23

36

1/36

2, 3

0.027

0.071C

2, 3

1/24

Irrational numbers[edit]

The table below gives the expansions of some common irrational numbers in decimal and hexadecimal.

Number

Positional representation

Decimal

Hexadecimal

√2 (the length of the diagonal of a unit square)

1.414213562373095048...

1.6A09E667F3BCD...

√3 (the length of the diagonal of a unit cube)

1.732050807568877293...

1.BB67AE8584CAA...

√5 (the length of the diagonal of a 1×2 rectangle)

2.236067977499789696...

2.3C6EF372FE95...

φ (phi, the golden ratio = (1+√5)/2)

1.618033988749894848...

1.9E3779B97F4A...

π (pi, the ratio of circumference to diameter of a circle)

3.141592653589793238462643383279502884197169399375105...

3.243F6A8885A308D313198A2E03707344A4093822299F31D008...

e (the base of the natural logarithm)

2.718281828459045235...

2.B7E151628AED2A6B...

τ (the Thue–Morse constant)

0.412454033640107597...

0.6996 9669 9669 6996...

γ (the limiting difference between the harmonic series and the natural logarithm)

0.577215664901532860...

0.93C467E37DB0C7A4D1B...

Powers[edit]

Powers of two have very simple expansions in hexadecimal. The first sixteen powers of two are shown below.

2x

Value

Value (Decimal)

20

1

1

21

2

2

22

4

4

23

8

8

24

10hex

16dec

25

20hex

32dec

26

40hex

64dec

27

80hex

128dec

28

100hex

256dec

29

200hex

512dec

2A (210dec)

400hex

1024dec

2B (211dec)

800hex

2048dec

2C (212dec)

1000hex

4096dec

2D (213dec)

2000hex

8192dec

2E (214dec)

4000hex

16,384dec

2F (215dec)

8000hex

32,768dec

210 (216dec)

10000hex

65,536dec

Cultural history[edit]

The traditional Chinese units of measurement were base-16. For example, one jīn (斤) in the old system equals sixteen taels. The suanpan (Chinese abacus) can be used to perform hexadecimal calculations such as additions and subtractions.[31]

As with the duodecimal system, there have been occasional attempts to promote hexadecimal as the preferred numeral system. These attempts often propose specific pronunciation and symbols for the individual numerals.[32] Some proposals unify standard measures so that they are multiples of 16.[33][34]

An early such proposal was put forward by John W. Nystrom in Project of a New System of Arithmetic, Weight, Measure and Coins: Proposed to be called the Tonal System, with Sixteen to the Base, published in 1862.[35]

Nystrom among other things suggested hexadecimal time, which subdivides a day by 16,

so that there are 16 "hours" (or "10 tims", pronounced tontim) in a day.[36]

Look up hexadecimal in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.

The word hexadecimal is first recorded in 1952.[37] It is macaronic in the sense that it combines Greek ἕξ (hex) "six" with Latinate -decimal.

The all-Latin alternative sexadecimal (compare the word sexagesimal for base 60) is older, and sees at least occasional use from the late 19th century.[38]

It is still in use in the 1950s in Bendix documentation.

Schwartzman (1994) argues that use of sexadecimal may have been avoided because of its suggestive abbreviation to sex.[39]

Many western languages since the 1960s have adopted terms equivalent in formation to hexadecimal (e.g. French hexadécimal, Italian esadecimale, Romanian hexazecimal, Serbian хексадецимални, etc.)

but others have introduced terms which substitute native words for "sixteen" (e.g. Greek δεκαεξαδικός, Icelandic sextándakerfi, Russian шестнадцатеричной etc.)

Terminology and notation did not become settled until the end of the 1960s.

Donald Knuth in 1969 argued that the etymologically correct term would be senidenary, or possibly sedenary, a Latinate term intended to convey "grouped by 16" modelled on binary, ternary and quaternary etc.

According to Knuth's argument, the correct terms for decimal and octal arithmetic would be denary and octonary, respectively.[40]

Alfred B. Taylor used senidenary in his mid-1800s work on alternative number bases, although he rejected base 16 because of its "incommodious number of digits".[41][42]

The now-current notation using the letters A to F establishes itself as the de facto standard beginning in 1966, in the wake of the

publication of the Fortran IV manual for IBM System/360, which (unlike earlier variants of Fortran) recognizes a standard for entering hexadecimal constants.[43]

As noted above, alternative notations were used by NEC (1960) and The Pacific Data Systems 1020 (1964). The standard adopted by IBM seems to have become widely adopted by 1968, when Bruce Alan Martin

in his letter to the editor of the CACM complains that

With the ridiculous choice of letters A, B, C, D, E, F as hexadecimal number symbols adding to already troublesome problems of distinguishing octal (or hex) numbers from decimal numbers (or variable names), the time is overripe for reconsideration of our number symbols. This should have been done before poor choices gelled into a de facto standard!

Martin's argument was that use of numerals 0 to 9 in nondecimal numbers "imply to us a base-ten place-value scheme":

"Why not use entirely new symbols (and names) for the seven or fifteen nonzero digits needed in octal or hex. Even use of the letters A through P would be an improvement, but entirely new symbols could reflect the binary nature of the system".[19]

He also argued that "re-using alphabetic letters for numerical digits represents a gigantic backward step from the invention of distinct, non-alphabetic glyphs for numerals sixteen centuries ago" (as Brahmi numerals, and later in a Hindu–Arabic numeral system),

and that the recent ASCII standards (ASA X3.4-1963 and USAS X3.4-1968)

"should have preserved six code table positions following the ten decimal digits

-- rather than needlessly filling these with punctuation characters"

(":;<=>?") that might have been placed elsewhere among the 128 available positions.

Base16 (transfer encoding)[edit]

Base16 (as a proper name without a space) can also refer to a binary to text encoding belonging to the same family as Base32, Base58, and Base64.

In this case, data is broken into 4-bit sequences, and each value (between 0 and 15 inclusively) is encoded using one of 16 symbols from the ASCII character set. Although any 16 symbols from the ASCII character set can be used, in practice the ASCII digits '0'–'9' and the letters 'A'–'F' (or the lowercase 'a'–'f') are always chosen in order to align with standard written notation for hexadecimal numbers.

There are several advantages of Base16 encoding:

Most programming languages already have facilities to parse ASCII-encoded hexadecimal

Being exactly half a byte, 4-bits is easier to process than the 5 or 6 bits of Base32 and Base64 respectively

The symbols 0–9 and A–F are universal in hexadecimal notation, so it is easily understood at a glance without needing to rely on a symbol lookup table

Many CPU architectures have dedicated instructions that allow access to a half-byte (otherwise known as a "nibble"), making it more efficient in hardware than Base32 and Base64

The main disadvantages of Base16 encoding are:

Space efficiency is only 50%, since each 4-bit value from the original data will be encoded as an 8-bit byte. In contrast, Base32 and Base64 encodings have a space efficiency of 63% and 75% respectively.

Possible added complexity of having to accept both uppercase and lowercase letters

Support for Base16 encoding is ubiquitous in modern computing. It is the basis for the W3C standard for URL percent encoding, where a character is replaced with a percent sign "%" and its Base16-encoded form. Most modern programming languages directly include support for formatting and parsing Base16-encoded numbers.

See also[edit]

Base32, Base64 (content encoding schemes)

Hexadecimal time

IBM hexadecimal floating-point

Hex editor

Hex dump

Bailey–Borwein–Plouffe formula (BBP)

Hexspeak

P notation

References[edit]

^ "The hexadecimal system". Ionos Digital Guide. Archived from the original on 2022-08-26. Retrieved 2022-08-26.

^ Knuth, Donald Ervin (1986). The TeXbook. Duane Bibby. Reading, Mass. ISBN 0-201-13447-0. OCLC 12973034. Archived from the original on 2022-01-16. Retrieved 2022-03-15.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)

^ The string "\x1B[0m\x1B[25;1H" specifies the character sequence Esc [ 0 m Esc [ 2 5; 1 H Nul. These are the escape sequences used on an ANSI terminal that reset the character set and color, and then move the cursor to line 25.

^ "The Unicode Standard, Version 7" (PDF). Unicode. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2016-03-03. Retrieved 2018-10-28.

^ "Modula-2 – Vocabulary and representation". Modula −2. Archived from the original on 2015-12-13. Retrieved 2015-11-01.

^ "An Introduction to VHDL Data Types". FPGA Tutorial. 2020-05-10. Archived from the original on 2020-08-23. Retrieved 2020-08-21.

^ "*read-base* variable in Common Lisp". CLHS. Archived from the original on 2016-02-03. Retrieved 2015-01-10.

^ "*print-base* variable in Common Lisp". CLHS. Archived from the original on 2014-12-26. Retrieved 2015-01-10.

^ MSX is Coming — Part 2: Inside MSX Archived 2010-11-24 at the Wayback Machine Compute!, issue 56, January 1985, p. 52

^ BBC BASIC programs are not fully portable to Microsoft BASIC (without modification) since the latter takes & to prefix octal values. (Microsoft BASIC primarily uses &O to prefix octal, and it uses &H to prefix hexadecimal, but the ampersand alone yields a default interpretation as an octal prefix.

^ "Hexadecimal web colors explained". Archived from the original on 2006-04-22. Retrieved 2006-01-11.

^ "ISO-8859-1 (ISO Latin 1) Character Encoding". www.ic.unicamp.br. Archived from the original on 2019-06-29. Retrieved 2019-06-26.

^ a b c d e f g Savard, John J. G. (2018) [2005]. "Computer Arithmetic". quadibloc. The Early Days of Hexadecimal. Archived from the original on 2018-07-16. Retrieved 2018-07-16.

^ "2.1.3 Sexadecimal notation". G15D Programmer's Reference Manual (PDF). Los Angeles, CA, US: Bendix Computer, Division of Bendix Aviation Corporation. p. 4. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2017-06-01. Retrieved 2017-06-01. This base is used because a group of four bits can represent any one of sixteen different numbers (zero to fifteen). By assigning a symbol to each of these combinations we arrive at a notation called sexadecimal (usually hex in conversation because nobody wants to abbreviate sex). The symbols in the sexadecimal language are the ten decimal digits and, on the G-15 typewriter, the letters u, v, w, x, y and z. These are arbitrary markings; other computers may use different alphabet characters for these last six digits.

^ Gill, S.; Neagher, R. E.; Muller, D. E.; Nash, J. P.; Robertson, J. E.; Shapin, T.; Whesler, D. J. (1956-09-01). Nash, J. P. (ed.). "ILLIAC Programming – A Guide to the Preparation of Problems For Solution by the University of Illinois Digital Computer" (PDF). bitsavers.org (Fourth printing. Revised and corrected ed.). Urbana, Illinois, US: Digital Computer Laboratory, Graduate College, University of Illinois. pp. 3–2. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2017-05-31. Retrieved 2014-12-18.

^ ROYAL PRECISION Electronic Computer LGP – 30 PROGRAMMING MANUAL. Port Chester, New York: Royal McBee Corporation. April 1957. Archived from the original on 2017-05-31. Retrieved 2017-05-31. (NB. This somewhat odd sequence was from the next six sequential numeric keyboard codes in the LGP-30's 6-bit character code.)

^ Manthey, Steffen; Leibrandt, Klaus (2002-07-02). "Die PERM und ALGOL" (PDF) (in German). Archived (PDF) from the original on 2018-10-03. Retrieved 2018-05-19.

^ NEC Parametron Digital Computer Type NEAC-1103 (PDF). Tokyo, Japan: Nippon Electric Company Ltd. 1960. Cat. No. 3405-C. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2017-05-31. Retrieved 2017-05-31.

^ a b c Martin, Bruce Alan (October 1968). "Letters to the editor: On binary notation". Communications of the ACM. Associated Universities Inc. 11 (10): 658. doi:10.1145/364096.364107. S2CID 28248410.

^ a b Whitaker, Ronald O. (January 1972). Written at Indianapolis, Indiana, US. "More on man/machine" (PDF). Letters. Datamation. Vol. 18, no. 1. Barrington, Illinois, US: Technical Publishing Company. p. 103. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2022-12-05. Retrieved 2022-12-24. (1 page)

^ a b Whitaker, Ronald O. (1976-08-10) [1975-02-24]. "Combined display and range selector for use with digital instruments employing the binary numbering system" (PDF). Indianapolis, Indiana, US. US Patent 3974444A. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2022-12-24. Retrieved 2022-12-24. (7 pages)

^ "SN5446A, '47A, '48, SN54LS47, 'LS48, 'LS49, SN7446A, '47A, '48, SN74LS47, 'LS48, 'LS49 BCD-to-Seven-Segment Decoders/Drivers". Dallas, Texas, US: Texas Instruments Incorporated. March 1988 [1974]. SDLS111. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2021-10-20. Retrieved 2021-09-15. (29 pages)

^ a b c Magnuson, Robert A. (January 1968). "A hexadecimal pronunciation guide". Datamation. Vol. 14, no. 1. p. 45.

^ a b Rogers, S.R. (2007). "Hexadecimal number words". Intuitor. Archived from the original on 2019-09-17. Retrieved 2019-08-26.

^ Babb, Tim (2015). "How to pronounce hexadecimal". Bzarg. Archived from the original on 2020-11-11. Retrieved 2021-01-01.

^ Clarke, Arthur; Pohl, Frederik (2008). The Last Theorem. Ballantine. p. 91. ISBN 978-0007289981.

^ "ISO/IEC 9899:1999 – Programming languages – C". ISO. Iso.org. 2011-12-08. Archived from the original on 2016-10-10. Retrieved 2014-04-08.

^ "Rationale for International Standard – Programming Languages – C" (PDF). Open Standards. 5.10. April 2003. pp. 52, 153–154, 159. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2016-06-06. Retrieved 2010-10-17.

^ The IEEE and The Open Group (2013) [2001]. "dprintf, fprintf, printf, snprintf, sprintf – print formatted output". The Open Group Base Specifications (Issue 7, IEEE Std 1003.1, 2013 ed.). Archived from the original on 2016-06-21. Retrieved 2016-06-21.

^ a b Mano, M. Morris; Ciletti, Michael D. (2013). Digital Design – With an Introduction to the Verilog HDL (Fifth ed.). Pearson Education. pp. 6, 8–10. ISBN 978-0-13-277420-8.

^ "算盤 Hexadecimal Addition & Subtraction on a Chinese Abacus". totton.idirect.com. Archived from the original on 2019-07-06. Retrieved 2019-06-26.

^ "Base 4^2 Hexadecimal Symbol Proposal". Hauptmech. Archived from the original on 2021-10-20. Retrieved 2008-09-04.

^ "Intuitor Hex Headquarters". Intuitor. Archived from the original on 2010-09-04. Retrieved 2018-10-28.

^ Niemietz, Ricardo Cancho (2003-10-21). "A proposal for addition of the six Hexadecimal digits (A-F) to Unicode". DKUUG Standardizing. Archived from the original on 2011-06-04. Retrieved 2018-10-28.

^ Nystrom, John William (1862). Project of a New System of Arithmetic, Weight, Measure and Coins: Proposed to be called the Tonal System, with Sixteen to the Base. Philadelphia: Lippincott.

^ Nystrom (1862), p. 33:

"In expressing time, angle of a circle, or points on the compass, the unit tim should be noted as integer, and parts thereof as tonal fractions, as 5·86 tims is five times and metonby [*"sutim and metonby" John Nystrom accidentally gives part of the number in decimal names; in Nystrom's pronunciation scheme, 5=su, 8=me, 6=by, c.f. unifoundry.com Archived 2021-05-19 at the Wayback Machine ]."

^ C. E. Fröberg, Hexadecimal Conversion Tables, Lund (1952).

^

The Century Dictionary of 1895 has sexadecimal in the more general sense of "relating to sixteen".

An early explicit use of sexadecimal in the sense of "using base 16" is found also in 1895, in the Journal of the American Geographical Society of New York, vols. 27–28, p. 197.

^ Schwartzman, Steven (1994). The Words of Mathematics: An etymological dictionary of mathematical terms used in English. The Mathematical Association of America. p. 105. ISBN 0-88385-511-9. s.v. hexadecimal

^ Knuth, Donald. (1969). The Art of Computer Programming, Volume 2. ISBN 0-201-03802-1. (Chapter 17.)

^ Alfred B. Taylor, Report on Weights and Measures, Pharmaceutical Association, 8th Annual Session, Boston, 15 September 1859. See pages and 33 and 41.

^ Alfred B. Taylor, "Octonary numeration and its application to a system of weights and measures", Proc Amer. Phil. Soc. Vol XXIV Archived 2016-06-24 at the Wayback Machine, Philadelphia, 1887; pages 296–366. See pages 317 and 322.

^ IBM System/360 FORTRAN IV Language Archived 2021-05-19 at the Wayback Machine (1966), p. 13.

Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Hexadecimal&oldid=1203100548"

Categories: Binary arithmeticHexadecimal numeral systemPower-of-two numeral systemsPositional numeral systemsHidden categories: CS1 maint: location missing publisherWebarchive template wayback linksCS1 German-language sources (de)CS1 location testArticles with short descriptionShort description is different from WikidataUse dmy dates from March 2020Pages using sidebar with the child parameter

This page was last edited on 4 February 2024, at 05:39 (UTC).

Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 4.0;

additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., a non-profit organization.

Privacy policy

About Wikipedia

Disclaimers

Contact Wikipedia

Code of Conduct

Developers

Statistics

Cookie statement

Mobile view

Toggle limited content width